高粱光合特性、水分利用效率鉴定及产量综合性分析  

Identification of Photosynthetic Characteristics,Water Use Efficiency and Comprehensive Analysis of Yield in Sorghum

作　　者：唐玉劼 郭容秋 王鼐[1] 于淼 李海青[1] 张宇 丁博 徐晨[1] 陈冰嬬[1] 石贵山[1] Tang Yujie;Guo Rongqiu;Wang Nai;Yu Miao;Li Haiqing;Zhang Yu;Ding Bo;Xu Chen;Chen Bingxu;Shi Guishan(Crop Resources Research Institute,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling,136100)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院作物资源研究所,公主岭136100

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第13期4486-4494,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2020YFD1000803-4);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-06-14.5-A10)共同资助。

摘　　要：为筛选出光合能力强、水分利用效率高,植株形态好,产量高的品种。以16份高粱材料为基础,在自然条件下利用LI-6400光合仪测定其叶片的光合参数,测量株高、茎粗、产量并进行综合评价分析。结果表明:‘吉杂210’的光合特性和水分利用效率综合性状表现较好,‘吉杂210’的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(G_(s))、胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))均高于其他高粱品种,其中净光合速率和胞间CO_(2)浓度的变幅为22.50~36.48μmo CO_(2)·m^(-2)·s^(-1)和51.11~122.52μmol CO_(2)·m^(-2)·s^(-1)。‘吉杂210’的千粒重和产量最高,分别为37.60 g和11916.67 kg/hm^(2),明显高于其他高粱品种;‘吉杂247’最高,‘吉杂243’最矮,‘吉杂236’的茎秆最粗,且显著高于其他材料。相关分析表明,净光合速率、气孔导度(G_(s))、胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))以及蒸腾效率(T_(r))四者互相之间呈极显著正相关,光合参数和水分利用效率(P_(n))与产量均呈现正相关,其中净光合速率与产量的相关系数最大(r=0.464)。综上,‘吉杂210’在光合特性、水分利用效率(WUE)、千粒重和产量方面综合表现较好,为高粱区域性高产化提供高效品种提供了依据。In order to screen out varieties with stronger photosynthetic ability,higher water use efficiency,well plant shape and higher yield.Based on 16 sorghum materials,plant height,stem diameter and yield is measured by LI-6400 photosynthesis instrument under natural conditions,and analysis were carried out under comprehensives evaluation.The results showed that:'Jiza210'has better comprehensive traits of photosynthetic characteristics and water use efficiency.The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i))of'Jiza210'is higher than other sorghum varieties.The net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO2 concentration range from 22.50 to 36.48μmol CO_(2)·m^(-2)·s^(-1)and 51.11 to 122.52μmol CO_(2)·m^(-2)·s^(-1).The thousand kernel weight and yield of'Jiza210'are the highest,which are 37.60 g and 11916.67 kg/hm^(2).Which are significantly higher than other sorghum varieties respectively;'Jiza247'is the highest,'Jiza243'is the shortest,and'Jiza236'have the thickest stem,which is significantly higher than other sorghum varieties.Correlation analysis showed that the net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i))and transpiration rate(T_(r))are significantly positively correlated with each other.Photosynthetic parameters and water use efficiency are correlated with yield positively.The correlation coefficient between net photosynthetic rate and yield was the largest(r=0.464).In conclusion,'Jiza210'have a good comprehensive performance in terms of photosynthetic characteristics,water use efficiency(WUE),the thousand kernel weight weight and yield,laying a foundation for pro viding high-efficiency varieties for regional high-yield sorghum.

关 键 词：高粱 光合特性 水分利用效率 产量 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]