不同水分条件施用硫酸锌对人参产量和质量的影响  

The Effect of Applying Zinc Sulfate in Different Water Conditions on the Yield and Quality of Ginseng

作　　者：程金康 杜立财 程林[1] 韩梅[1] 杨利民[1] Cheng Jinkang;Du Licai;Cheng Lin;Han Mei;Yang Limin(College of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,130118;Jilin Shenwang Plant Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Fusong,134500)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院,长春130118 [2]吉林参王植保科技有限公司,抚松134500

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第13期4518-4524,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：吉林省重大科技专项(20200504002YY);吉林省科技发展计划技术攻关项目(20190304012YY)共同资助。

摘　　要：以农田移栽4年生人参为研究对象,通过物联网精准灌溉系统设置3个水分梯度,即土壤相对含水量的60%、80%、90%;并在此基础上施用硫酸锌(0,0.05,0.5,5g/m^(2));研究不同水分条件施用硫酸锌对人参产量和质量及土壤微生物功能多样性的影响,筛选最佳水肥组合,为水肥一体化技术在农田栽培人参中的应用提供依据。结果表明:80%水分硫酸锌5g/m^(2)处理产量最高为2977.08g/m^(2)较CK提高了6.11%;90%水分硫酸锌0.5g/m^(2)处理和80%水分硫酸锌5g/m^(2)处理有利于人参皂苷Rgl、Re、Rb含量和总皂苷含量的积累;60%水分硫酸锌5g/m^(2)处理和80%水分0.05g/m^(2)处理土壤微生物种类较多,物种丰富度高,对碳源的利用强度也相对较高,土壤微生物的活性较强。综合产量和质量考虑,80%水分硫酸锌5g/m^(2)处理为最佳水肥组合,建议在实际生产中应用。Taking four-year-old ginseng transplanted in farmland as the research object,three water gradients were set through the precision irrigation system of the Internet of Things,namely 60%,80%,and 90%of the relative soil water content,and on this basis,zinc sulfate(0,0.05,0.5,5 g/m^(2)).To study the effects of applying zinc sulfate under different water conditions on the yield and quality of ginseng and the diversity of soil microbial functions,and to screen the best combination of water and fertilizer,to provide a basis for the application of integrated water and fertilizer technology in farmland cultivation of ginseng.The results showed that the highest yield of 80%water zinc sulfate 5 g/m^(2)treatment was 2977.08 g/m^(2),which was 6.11%higher than CK;90%water zinc sulfate 0.5 g/m^(2)treatment and 80%water zinc sulfate 5 g/m^(2)treatment is conducive to the accumulation of ginsenoside Rgi,Re,Rb content and total saponin content;60%water zinc sulfate 5 g/m^(2)treatment and 80%water content 0.05 g/m^(2)treatment soil microbial species more,the species richness is high,the utilization intensity of carbon source is also relatively high,and the activity of soil microorganisms is strong.Considering overall yield and quality,80%water zinc sulfate 5 g/m^(2)treatment is the best combination of water and fertilizer,and it is recommended to be applied in actual production.

关 键 词：硫酸锌 人参皂苷 土壤微生物 功能多样性 

分 类 号：S567.51[农业科学—中草药栽培]