基于线性材料力学模型的海岸岬湾形态特征研究  

Study on the shape characteristics of coastal headland-bay based on linear material mechanicals model

作　　者：吕小龙 郑建国[1,2,3] 许国辉[1,2,3] 宋玉鹏[4] LYU Xiaolong;ZHENG Jian′guo;XU Guohui;SONG Yupeng(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Sanya Oceanographic Institution,Ocean University of China,Sanya 572000,China;Qingdao Institute of Marine Engineering Survey and Design Co.,Ltd,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院,海南三亚572000 [4]青岛海洋工程勘察设计研究院有限公司,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋通报》2023年第4期385-397,共13页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41976049)。

摘　　要：具有岬湾形态的海岸一般具有良好的稳定性,是海岸侵蚀修复中经常使用的岸线形态,而岬湾形态特征与海岸水动力之间的确切关系还没有形成量化的描述。本研究定义了海岸岬湾形态特征的基本参数,基于历史卫星影像的解译,采用比拟、统计的研究方法,统计了全球240个岬湾的平面形态特征参数,分析得出:(1)岬控比(K)的值介于1.2至1.8之间,平均值为1.41,方差为0.02,标准差为0.16;(2)凸出度(ρ)的值介于0.2至0.51之间,平均值为0.34,方差为0.01,标准差为0.08;(3)根据弧形岸线形态和波浪绕射的不同,将自然海岸岬湾形态分为切线夹曲线型、曲线连切线型和曲线夹切线型3类。采用数值模拟,将线性材料受力变形的过程比拟于岬湾海岸线受水动力作用达到静态平衡过程,以线性材料为媒介,初步探究了岬湾平面形态与波浪之间的关系,对海岸线的预测、修复和保护海岸具有一定参考价值。The headland-bay coast generally has good stability,thus is frequently used in coastal erosion restoration.However,the exact relationship between the morphological characteristics of the headland and the coastal hydrodynamics has not been demonstrated quantitatively.This study defines the basic parameters of the shape characteristics of coastal headland-bay.Based on the interpretation of historical satellite images,research methods of analogy and statistics are used to define and count the plane morphological characteristics parameters of 240 headland-bay around the world.The conclusions are as follows:(1)the range of the Ratio of headland control area(K)is between 1.2 and 1.8,the average value is 1.41,the variance is 0.02,and the standard deviation is 0.16;(2)The value of Protrusion ratio of headland bay(ρ)is between 0.2 and 0.51,the average value is 0.34,the variance is 0.01,and the standard deviation is 0.08;(3)According to the difference of arc shoreline shape and wave diffraction,the natural shape of coastal headland-bay can be divided into three types:tangents-clamp-curve type,curve-continue-tangent type and curves-clamp-tangent type.By using the method of numerical simulation,the process of stress deformation of linear materials is analogized to the static equilibrium of headland-bay coastline under hydrodynamic action.With linear materials as the medium,the relationship between the plane shape of headland-bay and waves is preliminarily explored,which is of great significance for coastline prediction and coast protection.

关 键 词：海岸岬湾形态 波浪 比拟法 线性材料 海岸线预测 

分 类 号：P737.1[天文地球—海洋地质]