美国第三代工程研究中心:发展历程、运行模式与经验启示——以CBiRC、RMB项目为例  

The Third Generation Engineering Research Center in the United States:Development History,Operation Model and Experience Inspiration——Taking CBiRC and RMB Projects as Examples

作　　者：沈锦璐 魏丽娜 SHEN Jinlu;WEI Lina(School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;School of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Institute of Medical Education/National Center for Health Professions Education Development,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院,杭州310058 [2]北京大学教育学院,北京100871 [3]北京大学医学教育研究所/全国医学教育发展中心,北京100191

出　　处：《重庆高教研究》2023年第4期90-104,共15页Chongqing Higher Education Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于设计的工程学习作用机理及其学习有效性研究”(72074191);国家自然科学基金面上项目“重大创新需求牵引学科创新生态系统:演化与治理研究”(72274172);浙江省高校重大人文社会科学攻关计划项目“产学研协同创新视域下浙江高校科技成果转化机制研究”(2021QN056)。

摘　　要：为提升美国工程创新力,保持美国在全球科技竞争中的领先地位,美国国家科学基金会(NSF)自2008年起制定和延展了一系列创新生态系统建设计划,其中最典型的是第三代美国工程研究中心计划。CBiRC、RMB项目作为第三代美国工程研究中心的“领头雁”,在其受NSF资助的发展周期内,以创新管理架构、基础研究转化、工程教育创新、产学研合作、创新价值链平台等关键要素支撑创新生态系统的建设,发挥了构建转型工程系统、输出工程科技人才、服务国家经济发展的重要作用,并成功实现了可持续运营。我国未来工程研究中心的建立与发展应借鉴美国工程研究中心经验,形成集研究、教育、创新于一体的创新生态系统,依托研发组织发展系统工程教育,并形成真正面向产业需求的专门科技成果转化中介平台。In order to enhance the engineering innovation ability of the United States and maintain the leading position of the United States in the global technological competition,NSF has developed and extended a series of innovation ecosystem construction programs since 2008,among which the most typical one is the third generation American Engineering Research Center program.As the representative of the third generation of American Engineering Research Centers,CBiRC and RMB project have supported the construction of innovation ecosystem with key elements such as innovation management structure,basic research transformation,engineering education innovation,industry-university-research cooperation,and innovation value chain platform during the development cycle funded by NSF.It has played an important role in building a transformation engineering system,exporting engineering science and technology talents,and serving national economic development,and successfully realized sustainable operation.The establishment and development of the future National Engineering Research Centers in China should learn from the American Engineering Research Centers,and form an innovative ecosystem that integrates research,education and innovation,relying on the research and development organization to develop system engineering education,and form a special intermediary platform for the transformation of special scientific and technological achievements oriented to the industry needs.

关 键 词：第三代工程研究中心 发展历程 运行模式 创新生态系统 

分 类 号：G644[文化科学—高等教育学]