复方中草药饲料添加剂对断奶仔猪生产性能、肠道功能及肠道微生物菌群的影响  

Effects of compound Chinese herbal feed additives on production performance,intestinal function and intestinal microflora of weaned piglets

作　　者：马朝 李洁 余成龙 吴德[1] 林燕[1] MA Zhao;LI Jie;YU Chenglong;WU De;LIN Yan(Institute of Animal Nutrition,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,四川成都611130

出　　处：《养猪》2023年第1期12-22,共11页Swine Production

摘　　要：本次试验旨在研究日粮中添加复方中草药饲料添加剂(雅琪生物科技有限公司提供)对断奶仔猪生产性能、肠道功能及肠道微生物组成的影响。试验选用60头断奶仔猪,随机分成三个处理组,即对照组(基础日粮+0.2%氧化锌+0.5%酸化剂,T1),中草药组1(基础日粮+1kg/T中草药,T2),中草药组2(基础日粮+2kg/T中草药,T3),每个处理组五个重复,每个重复4头猪,进行为期28天的试验。(结果)结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,T2组极显著提高采食量(P<0.01),降低料肉比(P<0.05),降低腹泻率(P<0.05);与对照组相比,T3组极显著的加深肠道隐窝深度(P<0.01),显著降低15~28d腹泻率(P<0.05),但是却显著降低了采食量(P<0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,T2组极显著提高脾脏体指数(P<0.01),显著提高血液中白介素-2水平(P<0.05)。(3)与对照组相比,T2组可显著提高回肠ZO1、CAT1、IL10基因表达水平(P<0.05),T3组可显著提高ZO-1、Claudin-1、IL10、IL2基因表达水平(P<0.05)。(4)与对照组相比,T2组提升了肠道微生物多样性物种丰度,在Class水平上减少结肠阶段的梭状芽孢杆菌(Clostridia)的微生物相对丰度,增加拟杆菌(Bacteroidia)的微生物相对丰度,使细菌群落结构高度更加相似且稳定,改善肠道健康,增加消化吸收的能力。由此可见,日粮中添加1000g/T的中草药饲料添加剂能改善仔猪生产性能,提高采食量,增强仔猪免疫力,降低料肉比和腹泻率,证明了该复方中草药饲料添加剂有成为替抗药物的可能。(Objective)The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of adding compound Chi-nese herbal medicine feed additive(provided by Yaqi Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.)in the diet on the production performance,intestinal function and intestinal microbial composition of weaned piglets.(Method)60 weaned piglets were selected and randomly divided into three treatment groups,namely control group(basal diet+0.2%zinc oxide+0.5%acidulant,T1),Chinese herbal medicine group 1(basic diet+1 kg/T Chinese herbal medicine,T2),Chinese herbal medicine group 2(basal diet+2 kg/T Chinese herbal medicine,T3),five replicates per treatment group,4 pigs per replicate,for a 28-day experiment.(Results)The results showed:(1)Compared with the control group,the T2 group significantly increased the feed intake(P<0.01),decreased the ratio of feed to meat(P<0.05),and decreased the diarrhea rate(P<0.05);Compared with the T3 group,the depth of the intestinal crypt was significantly deepened(P<0.01),and the diarrhea rate was significantly reduced in 15-28 days(P<0.05),but the feed intake was significantly reduced(P<0.05).(2)Compared with the control group,the T2 group significantly increased the body index of the spleen(P<0.01),and significantly increased the level of interleukin-2 in the blood(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the control group,the T2 group could significantly increase the ileal ZO1,CAT1,and IL10 gene expression levels(P<0.05),and the T3 group could significantly increase the ZO-1,Claudin-1,IL10,and IL2 gene expression levels(P<0.05).0.05.(4)Compared with the control group,the T2 group increased the species abundance of gut microbial diversity,decreased the relative abundance of Clostridia in the colonic stage at the class level,and increased the microbial abundance of Bacteroides.The relative abundance makes the bacterial community structure more similar and stable,improves intestinal health,and increases the ability of digestion and absorption.(Conclusion)It can be seen that adding 1000 g/T Chinese herbal medicine feed additives to the diet

关 键 词：断奶仔猪 复方中草药饲料添加剂 替抗药物 肠道微生物 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]