聚乙烯醇水凝胶复合固体推进剂能量性能研究  

Theoretical study on energy performance of polyvinylalcohol composite solid propellant

作　　者：高晓 何志成 聂战斌 周星[1] GAO Xiao;HE Zhicheng;NIE Zhanbin;ZHOU Xing(College of Aerospace and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2023年第3期447-453,共7页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

基　　金：基础加强计划(2019-XXXX-083)。

摘　　要：为了克服传统复合固体推进剂羟基/异氰酸酯类固化体系存在的“惧水”、毒性高及固化成型时间长等缺点,选用聚乙烯醇(PVA)水凝胶替代羟基/异氰酸酯类固化体系制备新型的水凝胶复合固体推进剂,并根据最小自由能原理计算分析了水、固体填料和Al粉的含量以及含能添加剂、新型氧化剂对PVA水凝胶复合固体推进剂能量性能的影响。结果表明,当配方组成为24%H 2O,6%PVA,38%Al粉和32%AP时,聚乙烯醇水凝胶复合固体推进剂的能量性能最佳,比冲为2371 N·s/kg。含能添加剂FOX-12的加入可显著提高推进剂比冲性能,而且对推进剂燃温影响较小,这有利于发动机的设计。当二硝酰胺铵(ADN)逐步取代AP时,推进剂的比冲呈线性上升,当ADN完全取代AP时,推进剂的标准理论比冲达到了2526.9 N·s/kg,比冲增加量为155.9 N·s/kg。In order to overcome the disadvantages of hydroxyl/isocyanate curing system of traditional composite solid propellant,such as fear of water,high toxicity and long curing time,polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)hydrogel was used to replace hydroxyl/isocyanate curing system to prepare new hydrogel composite solid propellant.The effects of water,solid filler and Al powder content,energetic additives and new oxidants on the energy performance of PVA hydrogel composite solid propellant were calculated and analyzed according to the principle of minimum free energy.The results show that when the formula consists of 24%H 2O,6%PVA,38%Al powder and 32%AP,the energy performance of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite solid propellant is the best and the specific impulse is 2371 N·s/kg.The addition of energetic additiveFox-12can significantly improve the specific impulse performance of propellant,and has little influence on the combustion temperature of propellant,which is beneficial to motor design.When AP is replaced by ammonium dinitramide(ADN)gradually,the specific impulse of propellant increases linearly.When AP is completely replaced by ADN,the specific impulse of propellant reaches 2526.9 N·s/kg,which is increased 155.9 N·s/kg.

关 键 词：聚乙烯醇(PVA) 水凝胶 复合固体推进剂 能量性能 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]