AlH_(3)贮存稳定性及与推进剂组分相容性研究进展  

Progress on storage stability of AlH_(3) and its compatibility with propellant components

作　　者：裴宝林 钱勖 李小娜 曹蓉 赵程远[1,2] 杨根 彭松 PEI Baolin;QIAN Xu;LI Xiaona;CAO Rong;ZHAO Chengyuan;YANG Gen;PENG Song(Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemical Power Laboratory,Xiangyang 441003,China;Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology,Xiangyang 441003,China)

机构地区：[1]航天化学动力技术重点实验室,襄阳441003 [2]湖北航天化学技术研究所,襄阳441003

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2023年第3期454-464,共11页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

摘　　要：AlH_(3)储氢量高,燃烧产物相对分子质量小,热分解温度相对较高,部分取代铝粉可显著提升推进剂的能量水平,是一种有前景的高能燃料。但是AlH_(3)物态不稳定、易发生水解、热分解,影响推进剂的老化与贮存。采用表面处理、掺杂、包覆等技术手段,保持低温、避光、干燥贮存环境均能大幅度提升AlH_(3)的稳定性。AlH_(3)与推进剂中粘合剂、氧化剂相容性好,但与硝酸酯相容性差,导致含AlH_(3)推进剂的贮存性能受到影响,严重限制其实用化。通过总结国内外AlH_(3)贮存稳定性、与推进剂组分的相容性等方面的研究进展,对未来重点研究方向给出了展望。研究认为,调控合适粒径并保持低温、避光、干燥贮存环境,可提高AlH_(3)贮存稳定性;原子层沉积等包覆方法,可提高AlH_(3)与推进剂组分相容性。AlH_(3) has high hydrogen storage capacity,low relative molecular mass of combustion products,and relatively high thermal decomposition temperature.AlH_(3) can significantly improve the energy level of propellant by partially replacing aluminum powder,so it is a promising high-energy fuel.However the research shows that AlH_(3) is unstable,prone to hydrolysis,and thermal decomposition,which affects the aging and storage of propellant.Under low temperature,avoiding light,and dry storage environment,the stability of AlH_(3) can be greatly improved by means of surface treatment,doping,coating of AlH_(3) and other technical measures.AlH_(3) has good compatibility with the binder and oxidant in the propellant,but poor compatibility with nitrate esters,which affects the storage performance of the propellant with AlH_(3) and severely restricts its practical application.The research progress of storage stability of AlH_(3) and its compatibility with propellant components at home and abroad was summarized,and the future research directions were prospected.Relevant studies show that the storage stability of AlH_(3) can be improved by adjusting the appropriate particle size and maintaining low temperature,dark and dry storage environment.The coating methods such as atomic layer deposition can improve the compatibility of AlH_(3) with propellant components.

关 键 词：固体推进剂 AlH_(3) 贮存稳定性 相容性 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]