板内小位移走滑断裂特征解析:以塔里木、四川及鄂尔多斯盆地为例  

Characteristics of Intraplate Small-Displacement Strike-Slip Faults:A Case Study of Tarim,Sichuan and Ordos Basins

作　　者：唐大卿[1,2] 陈红汉[1,2] 耿锋[3] 齐荣[4] 姜华[5] 古再丽努尔·艾尔肯 Tang Daqing;Chen Honghan;Geng Feng;Qi Rong;Jiang Hua;Guzailinuer·Aierken(School of Earth Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources,Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute,Northwest Oilfield Branch,SINOPEC,Urumqi,830011,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development,SINOPEC North China Oilfield Company,Zhengzhou 450006,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学资源学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国石化西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [4]中国石化华北油气分公司勘探开发研究院,河南郑州450006 [5]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《地球科学》2023年第6期2067-2086,共20页Earth Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(No.2022A03009-3);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2012CB214804);“十三•五”国家科技重大专项(No.2016ZX05014).

摘　　要：板内小位移走滑断裂在全球广泛发育,对沉积盆地油气运聚成藏和差异富集具有重要控制作用.在对我国中西部三大含油气盆地内部小位移走滑断裂几何学特征对比分析基础上,揭示了塔里木、四川及鄂尔多斯盆地小位移走滑断裂平剖面特征和走滑构造样式的共性及差异性,进而结合区域动力背景分析了上述三大叠合盆地内部小位移走滑断裂的成因演化.研究表明:(1)我国中西部塔里木、四川和鄂尔多斯盆地小位移走滑断裂十分发育,塔里木盆地主要发育于盆地中北部地区及巴楚隆起、四川盆地主要发育于盆地腹部地区、鄂尔多斯盆地主要发育于南部地区和北部杭锦旗地区;(2)三大盆地走滑断裂线形特征明显,但平面展布具有很大差异,塔里木盆地中北部可划分出5个特征迥异的走滑断裂发育区、四川盆地腹部走滑断裂呈不规则网状、鄂尔多斯盆地泾河地区走滑断裂主要呈北东东向、局部呈北西向(.3)三大盆地走滑断裂剖面均呈高陡产状,均发育纯走滑、张扭、压扭及叠加/反转等走滑构造,其中塔里木盆地花状和直立状走滑断裂均比较普遍;四川盆地腹部走滑断裂多为直立状,花状相对偏少;鄂尔多斯盆地泾河地区走滑断裂多呈复合花状或“花上花”特征且走滑反转特征典型(.4)塔里木、四川及鄂尔多斯盆地小位移走滑断裂都经历了从加里东期-喜山期的多个构造旋回和多期继承、叠加及改造过程,三大盆地内的走滑断裂形成期大致相同,为加里东中期,但终止期具有差异,塔里木盆地塔中地区为海西晚期、塔北为喜山早期,四川盆地为印支早期,鄂尔多斯盆地为喜山期.Intraplate small-displacement strike-slip faults are widely developed and play an important role in controlling hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in sedimentary basins.It compares geometric characteristics of small-displacement strikeslip faults in Tarim,Sichuan,and Ordos basins in western and central China and shows the similarities and differences in structural style.It also discusses the geological setting that controls the small-scale faults evolution in these craton basins.The comparison shows that Tarim,Sichuan,and Ordos basins have four aspects of characteristics.(1)Intraplate small-displacement strike-slip faults are developed in the central and northern parts of Tarim basin,in the central part of Sichuan basin,and in the southern and northern Hangjinqi parts of Ordos basin.(2)The strike-slip faults in these three major basins show obvious linear features,but their location in each basin varies.The central and northern parts of the Tarim basin can be divided into five strike-slip fault development areas with different characteristics.The strike-slip faults in central part of Sichuan basin are irregular network,and the strike-slip faults in Jinghe area of Ordos basin are mainly NEE-trending and partially NW-trending.(3)The strike-slip fault in these three basins show high dips.In Tarim basin,fault geometries in cross-section include linear,positive flower and negative flower structures that developed in pure strike-slip,transtension,transpression and superposition or inversion.The strike-slip faults in the central Sichuan basin are mostly upright with few flower structures.The strike-slip faults in Jinghe area of Ordos basin have the characteristic of composite flower structure or“flower on flower”because of strike-slip inversion or reactivation.

关 键 词：板内走滑断裂 走滑构造 构造演化 塔里木盆地 四川盆地 鄂尔多斯盆地 石油地质. 

分 类 号：P618[天文地球—矿床学]