少阳学说在治疗儿童过敏性鼻炎中的运用  

The application of the Shaoyang theory in treating allergic rhinitis in children

作　　者：靳晓霞[1] 郭俊明[1] 杨晓明[1] 徐荣谦[1] 王瑞萍[1] 张月 张娟 JIN Xiaoxia

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学东直门医院,北京101100

出　　处：《中医临床研究》2023年第13期63-67,共5页Clinical Journal Of Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：儿童过敏性鼻炎是儿童门诊常见病,病机复杂,患儿以打喷嚏、流鼻涕、鼻子瘙痒、鼻塞为典型症状。此病与遗传、环境、自身免疫、体质等因素密切相关。有的患儿过敏性鼻炎反复发作、迁延不愈,严重影响儿童生长发育和生活质量,给家庭带来无休止的困扰。少阳学说是中医儿科重要的理论,其思想强调在小儿阴阳平衡中阳气占主导地位,其理论核心为“少阳为枢”。少阳学说涵盖了纯阳学说和稚阴稚阳学说,并以少阳为枢为核心,较全面概括了小儿这种失衡状态。文章认为,临床治疗过敏性鼻炎应结合小儿“易寒易热、易虚易实”的病理特点和寒热虚实错综的病机特点,以少阳学说为核心,从少阳论治,祛邪扶正,和解为主,用药宜平,结合药物升降浮沉,合理使用引经药,时时顾护少阳之体,顾护机体元气,用药忌滥用攻伐,和解少阳之枢,恢复机体阴阳平衡,达到表里同治、内外兼顾,补不碍邪、消不伤正的目的,促使机体恢复阴平阳秘的状态,提高临床治疗效果。文章结合案例,分享以少阳学说为指导治疗儿童过敏性鼻炎的成功经验,以期为临床提供参考。过敏性鼻炎是儿科常见病、多发病,其发病与小儿体禀少阳的密切相关。小儿机体和功能均较脆弱,对疾病的抵抗能力较差,加之寒热不能自调、乳食不知自节,常易外为外邪所侵,内为饮食所伤。外邪侵犯机体,首犯太阳,因小儿稚阴稚阳、纯阳之体,脏腑娇嫩,形气未充,正气偏弱,腠理常疏,感邪易传变迅速,表未解传变入里则容易出现寒热虚实夹杂,阴阳失调,平抑失衡之证。Allergic rhinitis in children is a common disease in the outpatient department of children.The typical symptoms are sneezing,runny nose,itchy nose and stuffy nose.The disease is closely related to heredity,environment,autoimmunity and other factors.The symptoms of some children with allergic rhinitis recur and persist,seriously affecting their growth and development and quality of life,and bringing endless troubles to their families.The Shaoyang(少阳)theory covers the pure Yang(纯阳)theory and the childish Yin and childish Yang(稚阴稚阳)theory,and takes Shaoyang as the core to comprehensively summarize this imbalance state of children.This article believes that the clinical treatment of allergic rhinitis should be combined with the pathological characteristics of children's“easy to cold and heat,easy to be virtual and easy to real”and the characteristics of the intricate pathogenesis of cold and heat,with the theory of Shaoyang as the core,from the theory of Shaoyang,from the Shaoyang theory,dispel evil and support the right,reconciliation as the mainstay,use medicine should be flat,combined with drug ups and downs,rational use of menstrual drugs,always take care of the body of Shaoyang,care for the vitality of the body,use medicine to avoid abuse and attack,reconcile the pivot of Shaoyang,restore the balance of Yin and Yang of the body,achieve the same treatment in the surface,both inside and outside,make up for the evil spirit,eliminate the purpose of not harming the right,promote the body to restore the state of Yin and Yang constipation,so as to improve the clinical efficacy.The successful experience of treating allergic rhinitis in children under the guidance of the Shaoyang theory is shared here with a view to providing a reference for clinical practice.

关 键 词：少阳学说 儿童 儿科 过敏性鼻炎 

分 类 号：R135.91[医药卫生—劳动卫生]