温度和盐胁迫对播娘蒿种子萌发特性的影响  

Effects of temperature and salt stress on seed germination characteristics of Descurainia sophia

作　　者：来汉林 沈煜洋 陈利 杨红 李月[1] 雷钧杰[4] 李广阔[2] 高海峰[2] LAI Hanlin;SHEN Yuyang;CHEN Li;YANG Hong;LI Yue;LEI Junjie;LI Guangkuo;GAO Haifeng(College of Life Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Oasis/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture of the P.R.C.in Korla/Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Food Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学生命科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农业部库尔勒作物有害生物科学观测实验站,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [4]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第6期1326-1334,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2021B02002-1);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-03-88);自治区科技特派员项目“小麦绿色丰产及农药减施增效关键防控技术集成与示范”。

摘　　要：【目的】研究播娘蒿种子萌发与温度和盐分之间的关系,为麦田恶性杂草播娘蒿的科学防治提供理论依据。【方法】以播娘蒿种子为材料,采用温度10~30℃和50~200 mmol/L NaCl胁迫处理种子,测定发芽势、发芽率、萌芽长度、萌芽重量、发芽指数和活力指数。【结果】播娘蒿种子在10~25℃均能萌发,最适萌发温度为20℃。在最适萌发温度下,播娘蒿种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、萌芽长度、萌芽重量和活力指数均为最高,分别为81.50%、84.00%、12.00、2.88 cm、2.00 mg、34.55。播娘蒿种子在NaCl浓度50~150 mmol/L均能萌发,在200 mmol/L时不能萌发。随着NaCl浓度的增加,播娘蒿种子萌发率逐渐降低,当NaCl浓度为150 mmol/L时,种子萌发率仅为3.50%。【结论】播娘蒿种子最适宜萌发温度为20℃,NaCl胁迫显著降低了播娘蒿种子发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数。【Objective】Based on the serious problem of the occurrence and harm of Descurainia sophia in the wheat field in southern Xinjiang,the relationship between seed germination and temperature and salinity was studied in this experiment in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for the scientific control of Descurainia sophia in wheat field.【Method】The seeds of Descurainia sophia were treated with 10-30℃temperature and stress ranging and 50-200 mmol/L NaCl to determined the germination potential,germination percentage,germination length,germination weight,germination index and vigor index.【Result】The seeds of Descurainia sophia could germinate between 10℃and 25℃,and the optimum germination temperature was 20℃.The germination potential,germination percentage,germination length,germination weight,germination index and vigor index of Descurainia sophia were the highest at 20℃,which were 81.50%,84.00%,12.00,2.88 cm,2.00 mg and 34.55,respectively.The seeds of Descurainia sophia could germinate at the concentration of NaCl between 50 mmol/L and 150 mmol/L,but could not germinate when the concentration exceeded 200 mmol/L.With the increase of NaCl concentration,the seed germination percentage of Descurainia sophia decreased gradually.When NaCl concentration was 150 mmol/L,the seed germination percentage was only 3.50%.【Conclusion】The optimum germination temperature of Descurainia sophia seeds is 20℃and NaCl stress significantly can decrease the germination percentage,germination index and vigor index of Descurainia sophia seeds.

关 键 词：播娘蒿 种子萌发 温度 盐胁迫 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]