不同滴头间距和毛管间距对匀播冬小麦土壤水分空间分布、根系形态及产量的影响  

Effects of drip irrigation capillary spacing and emitter spacing on the spatial distribution of soil water,root morphology and yield of uniformly sown winter wheat

作　　者：罗四维 贾永红[2] 张金汕[1] 王凯 李丹丹 王润琪 董艳雪 石书兵[1] LUO Siwei;JIA Yonghong;ZHANG Jinshan;WANG Kai;LI Dandan;WANG Runqi;DONG Yanxue;SHI Shubing(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Qitai Triticeae Crops Experimental Station of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qitai Xinjiang 831800,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院奇台麦类试验站,新疆奇台831800

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第6期1344-1352,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技援疆项目(2016E02003);新疆农业大学高层次人才科研培育计划项目(2521GCCRC)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究优化匀播冬小麦的滴灌配置方式。【方法】以新冬22号为材料,在立体匀播方式下,采用双因素裂区试验,主区滴头间距,设20 cm(T_(1))和30 cm(T_(2))2个处理,副区毛管间距,设30 cm(D_(1))、40 cm(D_(2))、50 cm(D_(3))、60 cm(D_(4))、70 cm(D_(5))5个水平。研究滴头间距和毛管间距对匀播冬小麦土壤水分时空分布,根干质量、根系形态、产量形成及经济效益的影响。【结果】在适宜的滴头间距和毛管间距处T_(1)D_(1)、T_(1)D_(2)、T_(1)D_(3)和T_(2)D_(1)、T_(2)D_(2)有利于土壤水分,根干质量、根系形态、土壤含水量、水分利用效率及产量均保持较高水平,以T_(1)D_(2)表现最优;而在滴头间距和毛管间距过大处T_(1)D_(5)和T_(2)D_(5)表现较低。产量以T_(1)D_(2)表现最优,其值为9247.95 kg/hm 2。【结论】T_(1)D_(3)(滴头间距20 cm,毛管间距50 cm)是最佳滴灌配置组合。【Objective】This project aims to identify the optimum of drip irrigation under the tridimensional uniform sowing mode of winter wheat.【Methods】The experiment was designed with a split-split plot arrangement of Xindong 22 cultivar,the main plot were the main dripper spacing including two treatments:20 cm(T_(1))and 30 cm(T_(2)),the sub-plot were drop spacing including 5 levels:30 cm(D 1),40 cm(D_(2)),50 cm(D_(3)),60 cm(D_(4)),and 70cm(D_(5)).The effects of drip irrigation capillary spacing and emitter spacing on the spatial and temporal distribution of soil moisture,root dry quality,root morphology,yield formation and economic benefit of uniform-sown winter wheat.【Results】At the appropriate dripper spacing and capillary spacing,T_(1)D 1,T_(1)D_(3) and T_(2)D 1 and T_(2)D_(2) were conducive to soil moisture,and the dry quality,root morphology,soil moisture content,water use efficiency and yield are maintained at a high level,and T_(1)D_(2) performed optimally;T_(1)D_(5) and T_(2)D_(5) performed the least when the capillary spacing and dripper spacing were too large.The yield was best performed in T_(1)D_(2),with a value of 9,247.95 kg/hm 2.【Conclusion】According to its output and input,the treatment of capillary spacing 50 cm and dripper spacing 20 cm is the best drip irrigation combination at the same irrigation quota in this experiment.

关 键 词：冬小麦 毛管间距 滴头间距 土壤水分时空分布 根系形态 产量 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]