盐碱胁迫下扁吻鱼幼鱼耐受性分析  

Analysis on the tolerance of juvenile Aspiorhynchus laticeps(Day)under salinity and alkalinity stresses

作　　者：王新月 訾方泽 葛建民 陈生熬[1,2] 姚娜[1] 肖青 艾尼瓦尔·依布拉音 WANG Xinyue;ZI Fangze;GE Jianmin;CHEN Shengao;YAO Na;XIAO Qing;Ainiwaer Yibulayin(Tarim University/Tarim Research Center for Rare Fishes/College of Life Sciences,Aral Xinjiang 843300,China;College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Aksu District Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Aksu Xinjiang 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院/塔里木珍稀鱼类研究中心,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070 [3]新疆阿克苏地区农业农村局,新疆阿克苏843300

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第6期1540-1547,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业农村部财政专项(西北地区重点水域渔业资源与环境调查);塔里木大学研究生科研创新项目(TDGRI202009)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究塔里木河水系特有鱼类适应生物学,评估扁吻鱼幼鱼机体抗逆性能,分析其濒危机制,为扁吻鱼的苗种培育和驯化养殖提供参考。【方法】基于实验室生态学方法,测定扁吻鱼幼鱼盐碱耐受性及进行行为学分析。【结果】在pH值(7.78±0.09)、温度(21±1)℃条件下,扁吻鱼对照组幼鱼无明显应激反应,活动平缓,呼吸正常,对外界刺激(光、声音等)有正常反应,未出现死亡个体。实验组幼鱼初始接触实验水体应激过强,随盐碱浓度梯度升高,游动急躁,挣扎撺动,继而死亡,碱度浓度梯度下的行为特征与盐度实验类似。扁吻鱼幼鱼24、48、72、96 h的氯化钠(NaCl)盐度半致死浓度(LC_(50))分别为14.3021、13.7214、13.6144、13.5332 g/L,安全浓度(SC)为3.7891 g/L;碳酸氢钠(NaHCO_(3))碱度半致死浓度(LC_(50))分别为51.8561、39.5025、32.9515、31.7779 mmol/L,安全浓度(SC)为11.8508 mmol/L。【结论】盐碱胁迫下扁吻鱼幼鱼的安全浓度(SC)分别为3.7891 g/L、11.8508 mmol/L,与曾栖息水体环境理化指标相比,扁吻鱼受碱度较大胁迫,栖息水体盐碱的持续升高极大影响其生态位和栖息生境的选择致其濒危。【Objective】To investigate the adaptive biology of endemic fishes in the Tarim River system,to assess the organismal resilience of juvenile Aspiorhynchus laticeps(Day),and to investigate their mechanisms of endangerment.【Methods】Based on the laboratory ecological methods,we carried out the analysis of salinity tolerance and behavioral observation of juvenile fish.【Results】Under the conditions of pH(7.78±0.09)and temperature(21±1)℃,the juvenile fish in the control group had no obvious stress reaction,showing calm activity,normal respiration,normal response to external stimuli(light,sound,etc.),and no dead individuals were found.The juvenile fish in the experimental group were overstressed by the initial contact with the experimental water,and swam impatiently,struggled and flung,and then died as the salinity concentration gradient increased,and the behavioral characteristics under the alkalinity concentration gradient were similar to those of the salinity experiment.The salinity half-lethal concentrations(LC_(50))of sodium chloride(NaCl)were 14.302,1,13.721,4,13.614,4,13.533,2 g/L and the safe concentration(SC)was 3.789,1 g/L for juvenile Aspiorhynchus laticeps(Day)at 24,48,72 and 96 h,respectively;the alkalinity half-lethal concentrations(LC_(50))of sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO_(3))were 51.856,1,39.502,5,32.951,5,31.777,9 mmol/L,and the safe concentration(SC)was 11.850,8 mmol/L,respectively.【Conclusion】The safe concentrations(SC)of juvenile Aspiorhynchus laticeps(Day)under saline stress are 3.789,1 g/L,11.850,8 mmol/L,compared with the environmental physicochemical indicators of the former habitat water,the salinity of the fish is more stressful,and the continuous increase of salinity in the habitat water greatly affect its ecological position and habitat selection or even cause it to be endangered.This study provides a reference for the fry breeding and domestication of Aspiorhynchus laticeps(Day),and lays a basis for further development and conservation of germplasm resources development and util

关 键 词：扁吻鱼幼鱼 盐碱胁迫 耐受性 行为学 

分 类 号：S914[农业科学—水产科学]