基于无人机及光流特征值法的振动台模型动位移测试方法研究  

Research on dynamic displacement measurement method of shaking table model based on UAV and optical flow eigenvalue method

作　　者：潘飞[1] 郭士康 王志佳[3] 李胜民 黎洪磊 PAN Fei;GUO Shikang;WANG Zhijia;LI Shengmin;LI Honglei(Merchants Chongqing Transportation Research and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400044,China;School of Information and Communication Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;School of Civil and Architectural Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司,重庆400044 [2]海南大学信息与通信工程学院,海南海口570228 [3]海南大学土木建筑工程学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《地震工程与工程振动》2023年第3期79-86,共8页Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFB1310400);国家自然科学基金项目(12032008)。

摘　　要：当前振动台模型试验大型、高耸结构的顶端位移测量较为困难,针对该问题提出采用无人机摄影技术对结构顶端大位移进行非接触测量。研究以光流特征值法为理论基础的视频位移识别技术,利用静止点对该方法计算结构位移过程中产生的无人机悬停飘移进行补偿,借助Python编写一套高精度位移响应程序,进行高耸结构模型振动台试验。通过输入不同幅值的地震波,对无人机拍摄的模型顶端位移视频进行程序分析,将输出结果与传统拉线位移计测量结果对比。针对拉线位移计算结果及视频位移识别结果之间的误差,通过FFT高通滤波、基线校正等方法对原始数据进行处理,形成了一套面向无人机摄影测量的处理标准。研究工作可有效地利用无人机代替传统接触式位移传感器,在大量程下实现对结构的顶端位移测量。At present,it is difficult to measure the top displacement of large and high-rise structures in shaking table model test.Aiming at this problem,a non-contact measurement of the top displacement of structures by UAV photography technology is proposed.This paper studies the video displacement recognition technology based on the optical flow eigenvalue method,uses the static point to compensate the hovering drift of UAV generated in the process of calculating the structural displacement by this method,and compiles a set of high-precision displacement response program with the help of Python to carry out the shaking table test of high-rise structure model.By inputting seismic waves with different amplitudes,the program analysis of the top displacement video of the model taken by the UAV is carried out,and the output results are compared with the measurement results of the traditional wire displacement meter.Aiming at the error between the results of the wire displacement meter and the video displacement recognition results,the original data are processed by FFT high pass filtering,baseline correction and other methods,and a set of processing standards for UAV photogrammetry is formed.The work carried out in this paper can effectively use UAV to replace the traditional contact displacement sensor to measure the top displacement of the structure in a large range.

关 键 词：非接触测量 光流特征值法 振动台试验 位移响应 

分 类 号：TP391.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]