乏燃料水池覆面板对接焊缝裂纹检测研究  

Research on crack detection of butt welds in the cladding panel of spent fuel pool

作　　者：张佳 周兆明[1,2] 练章华[1] 李锴[3] 陈智[4] ZHANG Jia;ZHOU Zhaoming;LIAN Zhanghua;LI Kai;CHEN Zhi(State Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;School of Mechatronic Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;State Nuclear Power Plant Service Company,Shanghai 200233,China;Sichuan Changning Natural Gas Development Co.,Ltd.,PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gasfield Company,Chengdu 610051,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610500 [2]西南石油大学机电工程学院,四川成都610500 [3]国核电站运行服务技术有限公司,上海200233 [4]中国石油西南油气田分公司四川长宁天然气开发有限责任公司,四川成都610051

出　　处：《工程设计学报》2023年第3期372-379,共8页Chinese Journal of Engineering Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974271);西南石油大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目(2021CXZD37)。

摘　　要：核电站乏燃料水池覆面板焊缝与母材交界面处的裂纹会严重影响设备的运行安全。考虑焊缝的真实特性,提出采用交流电磁场检测(alternating current field measurement,ACFM)技术来检测焊缝裂纹,以提高裂纹检测的灵敏度。首先,采用COMSOL软件建立了焊缝裂纹检测模型,分析了焊缝裂纹区域的磁场特征信号;其次,在实验试件焊缝与母材交界面处预置与数值仿真一致的人工裂纹,进行焊缝裂纹ACFM实验;最后,制作了焊缝裂纹检测系统,并进行了其性能测试。仿真、实验和测试结果表明:ACFM方法能够有效识别焊缝与母材交界面处平行于焊缝方向的裂纹,而不能识别垂直于焊缝方向的裂纹;通过焊缝裂纹检测系统测试得到的裂纹检测长度的偏差小于探头检测实验的偏差,但两者比较接近,证明了焊缝裂纹检测系统设计的合理性。ACFM能够实现乏池覆面板对接焊缝裂纹的定量化检测,满足现场高灵敏度的使用要求。Cracks at the interface between the weld in the cladding panel of spent fuel pool of a nuclear power plant and the base material can seriously affect the operational safety of the equipment.Considering the true characteristics of weld,alternating current field measurement(ACFM)technology was proposed to detect weld crack to improve the sensitivity of crack detection.Firstly,a weld crack detection model was established by COMSOL software,and the magnetic field characteristic signals in the weld crack area were analyzed;secondly,an artificial crack that was consistent with the numerical simulation was preset at the interface between the experimental specimen weld and the base material,and then the weld crack ACFM experiment was carried out;finally,a weld crack detection system was developed and its performance testing was conducted.The simulation,experiment and testing results indicated that the ACFM method could effectively identify crack parallel to the weld direction at the interface between the weld and the base metal,but could not identify crack perpendicular to the weld direction;the deviation of crack detection length obtained through the testing of the weld crack detection system was smaller than that obtained through the probe detection experiment,but the two were relatively close,proving the rationality of the design of the weld crack detection system.ACFM can achieve quantitative detection of butt welds in the cladding panel of spent fuel pool,and meet the requirements of high sensitivity in the field.

关 键 词：乏燃料水池 焊缝裂纹 电磁检测 

分 类 号：TH878.3[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] TP212.9[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]