儿童支气管异物30例临床分析  

Clinical Analysis of 30 Children with Bronchial Foreign Body

作　　者：徐金梅[1] 魏文凭[1] 张利兵[1] Xu Jin-mei;Wei Wen-ping;Zhang Li-bing(Department of Pediatrics,Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225001,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学附属医院儿科,江苏扬州225001

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2023年第16期58-60,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

基　　金：江苏省卫生健康委科研项目(编号:M2021076)。

摘　　要：目的:分析30例儿童支气管异物的临床表现及特点,提高医务人员对儿童气管异物疾病的认识。方法:选取2018年1月—2022年6月扬州大学附属医院儿科收治的支气管异物患儿30例为研究对象,对其临床资料进行总结分析。结果:患儿男19例,女11例;年龄<1岁2例,1~3岁24例,>3岁4例;城市12例,农村18例;春季12例,夏季7例,秋季3例,冬季8例;异物位于左侧15例,右侧15例;吸入异物种类:坚果类27例,动物骨骼2例,米饭1例;影像学表现,肺气肿23例(76.67%),仅见异物影7例(23.33%);30例行支气管镜检查28例;使用异物网篮取出23例,网篮加钳子取出2例,自行排出3例,转院2例,随访均恢复良好。结论:儿童支气管异物发生率具有明显的季节、性别分布特征,春季发生率最高,其次是冬季,夏秋季发病率较低,男性多于女性,能自行排出者均位于右侧支气管。Objective:To analyze the clinical manifestations and characteristics of bronchial foreign body in 30 children,and to improve the awareness of medical staff for bronchial foreign body disease.Methods:A total of 30 children with bronchial foreign bodys who were treated in the Department of Pediatrics,Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from January 2018 to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects.Their clinical data were summarized and analyzed.Results:There were 19 males and 11 females;2 cases aged<1 year old,24 cases aged 1-3 years old,4 cases aged>3 years old;There were 12 cases in urban areas and 18 cases in rural areas;12 cases in the spring,7 cases in the summer,3 cases in the autumn,and 8 cases in the winter;Foreign bodies were located on the left side in 15 cases and on the right side in 15 cases;The type of the aspirated foreign bodies was nuts in 27 cases,animal bones in 2 cases,and rice in 1 case;Imaging manifestations were emphysema in 23 cases(76.67%)and only foreign body shadow in 7 cases(23.33%);Among the 30 cases,28 cases received bronchoscopy;the foreign bodies were removed by foreign body mesh basket in 23 cases,were removed by mesh basket with forceps in 2 cases,were discharged by themselves in 3 cases,and 2 cases were transferred to other hospital,and all cases recovered well during follow-up.Conclusion:The incidence of bronchial foreign body in children has obvious seasonal and gender distribution characteristics.The highest incidence is in spring,followed by winter,and the incidence is lower in summer and autumn.There are more males than females with bronchial foreign body.The bronchial foreign body discharged by themselves are located in the right bronchus.

关 键 词：儿童支气管异物 儿童支气管镜 肉芽增生 肺气肿 

分 类 号：R768.13[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]