一种药剂组合在‘瑞阳’苹果上的疏果研究  

Study on Fruit Thinning of a Pesticide Combination on‘Ruiyang’Apple

作　　者：王娇娇 蔡敏 韩明明 何肖肖 郭雄雄 孙鲁龙 梁俊[1,2] WANG Jiaojiao;CAI Min;HAN Mingming;HE Xiaoxiao;GUO Xiongxiong;SUN Lulong;LIANG Jun(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;Apple Engineering Technology Research Center of Shanxi Province,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省苹果工程技术研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2023年第4期19-24,31,共7页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1000201);陕西省重大科技专项(2020zdzx03-06-02-02);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2452020033)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究萘乙酸与苯嗪草酮药剂组合在‘瑞阳’幼果期的疏除效果。【方法】试验于2022年在西北农林科技大学白水苹果试验站进行,选用5年生‘瑞阳’苹果作为试验材料,将3个浓度梯度的萘乙酸(NAA,8 mg/L、12 mg/L、16 mg/L)分别与0.5 g/L苯嗪草酮组合进行疏果,设置人工、空白对比,分析不同处理对花朵坐果率、花序坐果率、坐果类型、果实落果动态、果实生长动态以及果实品质的影响。【结果】与人工、空白对照对比,喷施1次组合药剂(16 mg/L萘乙酸+0.5 g/L苯嗪草酮),花朵坐果率14.23%、花序坐果率38.75%、单果率55.40%、双果率25.00%、多果率19.61%、单双果率80.39%,喷施后落果期会维持到喷后54 d左右,不会影响果实生长规律且整个生长期符合S型曲线特征,药剂处理后显著提高了果实单果质量以及纵横径,并且对‘瑞阳’苹果的果实品质无其他不良影响。【结论】对‘瑞阳’苹果喷施16 mg/L萘乙酸和0.5 g/L苯嗪草酮的组合药剂进行疏果,综合效果好。【Objective】The aim was to explore the thinning effect of the combination of NAA and metamitronon young fruit period of‘Ruiyang’.【Methods】The experiment was performed at Baishui Apple Experimental Station ofNorthwest Agricultural and Forestry University in 2022,five-year-old'Ruiyang'was selected as the experimental material,and three concentration of NAA(8 mg/L,12 mg/L,16 mg/L)were combined with 0.5 g/L metamitron for fruit thinning,Artificial and blank comparisons were set to analyze the effects of different treatments on flower fruit setting rate,inflorescence fruit setting rate,fruit setting type,fruit drop dynamics,fruit growth dynamics and fruit quality.【Results】The results showed that compared with artificial and blank control,spraying a combination of agents once(16 mg/L NAA+0.5 g/L metamitron),flower fruit setting rate 14.23%,inflorescence fruit setting rate 38.75%,single fruit rate 55.40%,double fruit rate 25.00%,multiple fruit rate 19.61%,single and double fruit rate 80.39%,the fruit drop period would be maintained until about 54 days after spraying,and would not affect the fruit growth law and the whole growth period conforms to the S-shaped curve characteristics.It can significantly increased the single fruit weight,longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter.In addition,there were no other adverse effects on the fruit quality of'Ruiyang'apple.【Conclusion】For‘Ruiyang’,the combination of 16 mg/L NAA and 0.5 g/L metamitron is better for fruit thinning.

关 键 词：‘瑞阳’苹果 药剂组合 疏果 落果动态 果实生长动态 

分 类 号：S482.895[农业科学—农药学] S661.1[农业科学—植物保护]