改性氧化淀粉复合碱木素制备液体地膜的研究  

Study on the preparation of liquid film bymodified oxidized starch compounded with alkaline lignin

作　　者：戴玮兵 王涛[1,3] 谈建立 贺艳 张庆年[2] 崔学民 DAI Weibing;WANG Tao;TAN Jianli;HE Yan;ZHANG Qingnian;CUI Xuemin(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Chongzuo Southern Cement Co.,Ltd.,Chongzuo 532200,China;Guangxi Key Lab of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学化学与化工学院,广西南宁530004 [2]崇左南方水泥有限公司,广西崇左532200 [3]广西石化资源加工与过程强化重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《广西大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期729-742,共14页Journal of Guangxi University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51772055)。

摘　　要：为了改善现有塑料地膜难降解、危害作物的现状,采用氧化淀粉、碱性木质素、丙三醇、戊二醛与疏水蜡乳液制备一种液体地膜(liquid mulch, LM)。通过正交实验,使用综合分析法选出最佳液体地膜配方(最佳液体地膜命名为LM1),通过XRD、FT-IR、SEM及喷枪喷涂、培养皿保湿、土壤温度、人工紫外老化、降解性和植物发芽率实验,表征LM1的物化结构与实际性能。结果表明,当氧化淀粉用量10 g,碱性木质素用量0.25 g,戊二醛用量1.5 g,丙三醇用量6 g,蜡乳液用量2 g制备的液体地膜最佳,其中的氧化淀粉和碱性木质素在戊二醛作用下醚化交联生成了致密光滑的薄膜。LM1在施工时易喷涂,具有一定的保墒保温性,抗紫外性良好,且可降解、能促进作物发芽生长。In order to improve the existing plastic mulch which is difficult to degrade and harmful to crops,a liquid mulch(LM)was prepared by oxidized starch,alkaline lignin,propanetriol,glutaraldehyde and hydrophobic wax emulsion.The best liquid mulch(named LM 1)formulation was selected by orthogonal experiments with the way of comprehensive analysis.The physical and chemical structure and practical properties of LM 1 were characterized by XRD,FT-IR,SEM,gun spraying,petri dish moisture retention,soil temperature,artificial UV ageing,degradability and plant germination rate tests.The results showed that the best liquid film was prepared with 10 g of oxidized starch,0.25 g of alkaline lignin,1.5 g of glutaraldehyde,6 g of propanetriol and 2 g of wax emulsion,in which the oxidized starch and alkaline lignin were etherified and cross-linked by glutaraldehyde to produce dense and smooth film.LM 1,which is easy to spray when applied,has some ability of moisture retention and insulation,good UV resistance,biodegradability and the capacity to promote crop germination and growth.

关 键 词：碱性木质素 氧化淀粉 液体地膜 复合改性 

分 类 号：TQ432[化学工程]