浪涌效应下潮流发电系统最大能量捕获控制  

Maximum energy capture control of tidal power generation systems under surge effect

作　　者：杨俊雄 张巧杰[1] YANG Junxiong;ZHANG Qiaojie(School of Automation,Beijing Information Science&Technology University,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]北京信息科技大学自动化学院,北京100192

出　　处：《北京信息科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期72-79,共8页Journal of Beijing Information Science and Technology University

摘　　要：浪涌效应下,潮流流速实时快速变化,潮流发电系统能量捕获效率存在波动。针对这一问题,通过ANSYS Fluent分析水轮机水动力性能,得到最大获能效率下叶尖速比,提出一种改进型滑模-无源复合控制策略实现最佳转速跟踪,以优化传统的滑模控制系统存在的响应速度慢及抖振等问题。设计新型饱和函数代替不连续的传统符号函数,使得系统可以平滑切换,解决抖振问题。在指数趋近项乘以系统状态变量的幂次,用系统状态量趋近滑模面的距离实现滑模趋近速度动态变化,加快趋近滑模面的速度,削弱系统在滑模面上的抖振。仿真结果表明,在规则与非规则海况下,所提控制算法转速误差均稳定在0.25 r/min左右,相比指数趋近滑模控制可以有效削弱抖振,使系统稳定工作在最大能量捕获效率点。Under the surge effect,the tidal velocity changes rapidly in real time,and the energy capture efficiency of the tidal power generation system fluctuates.To solve this problem,the hydraulic performance of hydraulic turbine was analyzed by ANSYS Fluent software,and the tip speed ratio under the maximum energy efficiency was obtained.An improved sliding mode and passive-based composite control strategy was proposed to achieve the optimal speed tracking,in order to optimize the response speed and chattering problems of the traditional sliding mode control system.A new saturation function was designed to replace the discontinuous traditional symbol function,so that the system can switch smoothly and solve the chattering problem.The exponential approach term was multiplied by the power of the system state variable,and the distance between the system state variable and the sliding mode surface was used to realize the dynamic change of the sliding mode approach speed,accelerate the speed of reaching the sliding mode surface,and weaken the chattering of the system on the sliding mode surface.The simulation results show that the speed error of the proposed control algorithm is stable at about 0.25 r/min under both regular and irregular sea conditions.Compared with exponential approach sliding mode control,the proposed control can effectively reduce chattering and make the system work stable at the maximum energy capture efficiency point.

关 键 词：潮流发电 浪涌效应 水动力性能 滑模控制 扰动观测器 无源控制 

分 类 号：TM612[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]