132份爆裂玉米自交系的相关性状鉴定及杂种优势类群划分  

Identification of related traits and classification of heterotic groups for 132 popcorn inbred lines

作　　者：王雪飞 李婷婷 郑云霄 李召辉 贾晓艳 赵永锋 祝丽英 宋伟彬[2] 郭晋杰 WANG Xuefei;LI Tingting;ZHENG Yunxiao;LI Zhaohui;JIA Xiaoyan;ZHAO Yongfeng;ZHU Liying;SONG Weibin;GUO Jinjie(College of Agronomy/Hebei Sub-center of National Maize Improvement Center/State Key Laboratory ofNorth China Crop Improvement and Regulation,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;National Maize Improvement Center,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Hebei Zhaoyu Seed Industry Group limited company,Shijiazhuang 050035,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院/国家玉米改良中心河北分中心/华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北保定071001 [2]中国农业大学国家玉米改良中心,北京100193 [3]河北兆育种业集团有限公司,石家庄050035

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2023年第5期25-33,共9页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：玉米现代种业科技创新团队(21326319D);华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室自主课题(NCCIR2021ZZ-10)。

摘　　要：为筛选爆裂玉米不同类群的优异种质资源,采用40对玉米核心SSR分子标记对来源广泛、遗传多样性丰富的132份爆裂玉米自交系进行杂种优势类群划分,并测定爆裂相关性状指标。结果表明:不同爆裂玉米自交系间的籽粒膨爆特性和穗部性状遗传变异系数为3.34%~42.26%,具有丰富的遗传多样性。膨爆特性、果穗性状间的相关性分析表明,爆花率与膨爆倍数呈极显著正相关,与穗行数、行粒数均呈显著负相关;膨爆倍数与穗行数、行粒数均呈显著负相关;穗长与穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、秃尖长均呈极显著正相关;穗粗与穗行数和行粒数呈极显著正相关;穗行数与行粒数呈极显著正相关,与百粒重呈显著负相关。利用核心标记将爆裂玉米自交系分为5个杂种优势类群,结合表型性状鉴定,各类群共筛选出21个优良自交系,其中Ⅱ类群的‘XF 133’在所有优良自交系中膨爆倍数最高,是最优异的种质资源。In order to screen the excellent germplasm resources of different groups of popcorn,132 popcorn inbred lines with extensive sources and rich genetic diversity were divided into heterosis groups by using 40 pairs of corn core SSR molecular markers,and the indexes of popcorn related traits were determined.The results showed that:The genetic coefficients of variation for kernel popping characteristics and ear traits among different popcorn inbred lines ranged from 3.34% to 42.26% with rich genetic diversity.The correlation analysis between popping characteristics and ear traits showed that popping rate was highly significantly positively correlated with popping volume and was significantly negatively correlated with the rows per ear and seeds per row;the popping volume was significantly negatively correlated with the rows per ear and seeds per row;there was a very significant positive correlation between ear length and ear diameter,row per ear,seeds per row,and bald length;ear diameter was extremely significantly positive correlation with row per ear and seeds per row;the number of rows per ear was highly significantly positively correlated with the number of grains per row,and significantly negatively correlated with the weight of 100 grains.The core markers were used to classify the popcorn lines into 5 heterotic groups.Combined with the identification of phenotypic traits,a total of 21 excellent inbred lines were identified from various groups.The popping volume of group Ⅱ‘XF 133'was the highest among the excellent inbred lines of all groups and the most excellent germplasm resources.

关 键 词：爆裂玉米 膨爆特性 穗部性状 SSR 杂种优势类群 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]