试论乔叟《学者的故事》之深层次蕴意  

On the Biblical Interpretation of“Clerk's Tale”by Geoffrey Chaucer

作　　者：沈弘 Shen Hong(School of International Studies,Zhejiang University.)

机构地区：[1]浙江省翻译协会 [2]浙江省哲学社会科学规划学科组外国语言和文学组

出　　处：《中世纪与文艺复兴研究》2022年第1期79-94,共16页Medieval and Renaissance Studies

摘　　要：《学者的故事》是乔叟《坎特伯雷故事集》中长期以来颇有争议的故事之一。这主要是由该故事中男女主人公的个性刻画所引起的。男主人公侯爵沃尔特娶了贫女格丽希尔达为妻,但又对她不够信任,于是便想出了各种极端的方式来考验妻子的忠贞。格丽希尔达虽然成功地经受住了考验,但她对于丈夫的盲目信任和忠诚几乎达到了氓灭人性的地步,很难为现代读者所接受。对该故事主题的阐释,评论家们众说纷绘,但并未达成一致的意见。本文作者认为,像这样一个中世纪的民间传说,并不能单从字面上去理解,因为它往往含有深层的基督教训诚意义。如将它跟《旧约·约伯记》中的故事加以比较,我们便可窥见乔叟塑造这两个人物的用心之一斑。“Clerk's Tale”is for a long time one of the most controversial stories in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales.This is mainly caused by the characterization of the two protagonists in the story.Lord Walter marries Griselda,a poor girl from the countryside.Yet he is not sure about her loyalty and chastity,so he tries every possible way to test her.Although Griselda has successfully stood the tests,her blind loyalty and passive submissiveness to her unreasonable husband have invoked aversion among modern readers.In order to give a rational explanation of the characterization of both Walter and Griselda,critics have provided many different interpretations,yet they have never achieved a critical consensus.Nevertheless,to the author of the present paper,a medieval folklore like the"Clerk's Tale"cannot be understood only on the literal level,for it may have a Christian implication of exemplum.If we compare Chaucer's"Clerk's Tale"with"The Book of Job"in the Old Testament,we can have a glimpse of Chaucer's real intention in the creation of the above-mentioned two characters.

关 键 词：乔叟 《坎特伯雷故事集》 《学者的故事》 《约伯记》 人物塑造 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]