全球农产品出口管制政策的跟踪及中国粮食安全的重新审视  

Tracking of International Agricultural Product Export Control Policies and Re-examination of Food Security in China

作　　者：杨钟健 徐小俊[1] YANG Zhongjian;XU Xiaojun

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院科技信息研究所,海口571101

出　　处：《世界农业》2023年第7期64-74,共11页World Agriculture

基　　金：中国国外农业经济研究会2022年研究资助。

摘　　要：新冠疫情发生以来全球农产品出口管制政策频发,其中对粮食的出口管制政策是本轮管制政策的重点。以保障国内农产品价格与供给稳定或以实施单边制裁为动机的不同性质农产品出口管制政策相互交织。总体上,以粮食为代表的农产品出口管制政策并没有改变全球粮食出口总量稳定增长的态势,但推高了农产品国际贸易价格,使得部分国家购买负担能力下降,抑制了农产品的进口,造成了部分国家农产品的短缺。当前,中国粮食进口依赖程度较高,缺乏粮食进口价格的话语权,粮食安全存在外部供给风险。需要进一步争取国际粮食贸易的话语权,建立起中国粮食安全的外部防护网,增强抵御外部风险的能力,进一步提升粮食进口安全。The total amount of global agricultural export control policies has shown a high surge since the COVID-19 outbreak.Among them,grain export control policy is the focus of this round of control policy to promote the overall agricultural export control policy of the main force.International trade prices of agricultural products remain high due to the interlocking of export control policies of different natures aimed at ensuring the stability of domestic prices and supply of agricultural products or the imposition of unilateral sanctions.On the whole,the export control policies of agricultural products represented by food did not change the trend of stable growth of the total amount of global food exports,but pushed up the international trade prices of agricultural products,reduced the purchasing affordability of some countries,inhibited the import of agricultural products,and caused the shortage of agricultural products in some countries.At present,China has a high degree of dependence on grain import and lacks the right to speak on grain import prices,so there are external supply risks to food security.China should increase the degree of agricultural opening-up and cooperation,strive for a say in the international food trade,enhance the ability to resist external risks,build an external protection network for food security,and further ensure food import security.

关 键 词：新冠疫情 农产品贸易 出口管制政策 粮食安全 

分 类 号：F313.7[经济管理—产业经济] F746.12F326.11