耕地宜机化与农机购置补贴效能改善  

The Suitability of Arable Land for Mechanization and the Improved Effectiveness of the Policy Tool of Agricultural Machinery Purchase Subsidy

作　　者：李飞 张宗毅 张萌 LI Fei;ZHANG Zongyi;ZHANG Meng

机构地区：[1]农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京210014 [2]江苏大学中国农业装备产业发展研究院,镇江212013

出　　处：《世界农业》2023年第7期112-124,共13页World Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“购机补贴政策框架下农机企业行为机理研究:质量选择、研发投入与价格歧视”(71973074);国家社会科学基金项目“耕地-技术-政策融合视角下的‘两藏’战略研究”(21ZDA056);江苏大学农业装备学部项目资助“丘陵山区农业机械化发展战略研究”(NZXB20210301)。

摘　　要：本文将全国10个省100个县4905份微观调研数据与全国农机购置补贴辅助系统数据进行匹配,得到一个包含农户微观个体特征、生产经营特征和农机购置补贴获得特征的数据集。在此基础上,通过建立双栏模型,实证分析了耕地宜机化程度对农机购置补贴获得情况的影响。结果显示:较低的耕地宜机化程度显著制约了农户农机购置补贴获取,反之耕地宜机化程度高的农户获得农机购置补贴的概率越高、金额越大;同时,耕地宜机化水平对提供农机社会化服务的农机户的农机购置补贴获得情况的影响要大于普通农户。因此本文提出,为更好提升农机购置补贴政策效能效率,宜积极推动丘陵山区农田宜机化改造工程;为提高农田宜机化改造的效果,宜在农田改造的设计、施工和验收全过程中充分发挥农机户的作用。This paper matched 4905 micro survey data from 100 counties in 10 hilly and mountainous provinces across China with the data from the National Agricultural Machinery Purchase Subsidy Assistance System to obtain a dataset that includes micro individual characteristics of farmers,production and operation characteristics,and characteristics of obtaining agricultural machinery purchase subsidies.On this basis,this paper analyzed the influence of the suitability of arable land for mechanization on the acquisition of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy by the Double Hurdle Model.The research results indicated that:The lower degree of the suitability of arable land for mechanization significantly restricts the probability and quantity of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies for farmers,and vice versa.At the same time,the impact of the suitability of arable land for mechanization on the agricultural machinery specialized service households’acquisition of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies is greater than that of ordinary farmers.Therefore,this paper proposes that:the farmland transformation project for suitable agricultural machinery operation in hilly and mountainous areas should be actively promoted in order to better improve the efficiency of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policies;the role of agricultural machinery households throughout the design,construction,and acceptance process of the project should be fully leveraged to improve the effectiveness of farmland transformation project.

关 键 词：耕地宜机化 农机购置补贴 补贴效能 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济] F812.8