2011-2020年武汉市肺结核登记发病分析  

Analysis of the registered incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Wuhan,China,2011-2020

作　　者：鲁周琴 张正斌 田丹 王甜甜 王坚杰 周美兰 李月华 LU Zhou-qin;ZHANG Zheng-bin;TIAN Dan;WANG Tian-tian;WANG Jian-jie;ZHOU Mei-lan;LI Yue-hua(Tuberculosis Control and Management Office,Tuberculosis Control Department of Wuhan Institute for Tuberculosis Control,Wuhan 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省武汉市结核病防治所结核病控制管理办公室,武汉430030

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2023年第7期496-500,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：武汉市卫生健康科研基金资助(WG19Y02);湖北省卫生健康科研基金资助(WJ2021F011)。

摘　　要：目的分析武汉市2011—2020年肺结核登记发病情况及分布特征,为科学制定结核病防治措施提供依据。方法利用国家结核病信息管理系统,对2011—2020年武汉市报告登记的肺结核患者病案信息进行分析。结果2011—2020年武汉市共登记肺结核61353例,年均发病率为56.96/10万。肺结核患者的发病数和发病率都呈现出逐年下降的趋势,各年度发病率变化趋势具有统计学意义(χ^(2)_(趋势)=852.67,P<0.001)。2020年发病率与2011年相比,发病率下降了37.72%,年均递降率为5.13%。3—5月为流行高峰。男性发病率(82.54/10万)高于女性(37.89/10万),以(80~84)岁年龄组发病率(148.22/10万)最高。结论武汉市肺结核登记发病情况呈现下降趋势,登记发病主要人群和地区相对固定,今后应结合疫情分布特征,因时因地、突出重点的开展结核病防控工作。Objective To investigate the registered incidence and distribution characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Wuhan,China,from 2011 to 2020,and provide a basis for scientific formulation of tuberculosis prevention and treatment measures.Methods A descriptive statistical analysis was performed on the medical records of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were reg-istered in Wuhan from 2011 to 2020 through the National Tuberculosis Information Management System.Results A total of 61353 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were registered in Wuhan,with a mean annual incidence rate of 56.96/100000 from 2011 to 2020.There was a tendency of reduction in the number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases and the incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis over these years,and there was a significant difference in the changing trend of incidence rate among different years(χ^(2)_(trend)=852.67,P<0.001).The incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in 2020 was reduced by 37.72%compared with that in 2011,with a mean annual reduction rate of 5.13%.The epidemic peak was observed from March to May.Male individuals tended to have a higher inci-dence rate than female individuals(82.54/100000 vs 37.89/100000),and individuals aged 80-84 years had the highest incidence rate(148.22/100000).Conclusion The registered incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis tends to decrease in Wuhan,with relatively fixed populations and areas.In the future,pulmonary tuberculosis prevention and control should be conducted with an emphasis on re-lated key points based on the distribution characteristics of epidemic situation in accordance with time and place.

关 键 词：肺结核 发病率 流行病学 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]