2016-2021年马鞍山市八类公共场所卫生学监测结果分析  

Hygienic monitoring results in eight types of public places in Ma′anshan,China,2016-2021

作　　者：李艳艳 魏昊 周燕[1] 邱光文[1] 王利[1] 罗颖 张荣[1] LI Yan-yan;WEI Hao;ZHOU Yan;QIU Guang-wen;WANG Li;LUO Ying;ZHANG Rong(Ma’anshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ma′anshan 243000,China)

机构地区：[1]马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心,马鞍山243000

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2023年第7期516-523,共8页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的了解马鞍山市公共场所的卫生现状,客观评估其卫生学状况,为公共场所卫生监管提供科学依据。方法根据2016—2021年马鞍山市公共场所健康危害因素监测方案和《公共场所卫生检验方法》(GB/T 18204)等相关标准,对马鞍山市8类165家公共场所进行健康危害因素监测,采集室内空气、公共用品用具及水环境样品,检测PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、CO、CO_(2)、甲醛、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、细菌总数、pH、大肠菌群和嗜肺军团菌等指标。结果2016—2021年共监测马鞍山市公共场所165家,监测健康危害因素39858项次,其中达标36305项次,总体达标率为91.09%,宾馆(酒店)、沐浴场所,游泳场所、商场(超市)和美容院达标率在不同年份存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。室内空气、公共用品用具和水环境样品达标率分别为77.51%、94.56%和74.36%,三者在不同场所的达标率均存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。室内空气检测指标中达标率最低的是健身房PM_(2.5)(0.00%),公共用品用具监测指标中达标率较低的是宾馆(酒店)床单pH值(38.25%)和健身房健身器械的细菌总数(35.00%),水环境样品监测指标中达标率最低的是沐浴场所浴池水中的余氯(15.00%)。结论2016—2021年马鞍山市公共场所卫生状况总体良好,但监测项目的总体达标率呈下降趋势,建议经营者提高卫生管理意识,加强自身管理,同时建议卫生监督部门加强对公共场所的卫生学监督。Objective To understand the hygienic status of public places in Ma′anshan,objectively evaluate their hygienic condi-tion so as to provide a scientific basis for the health supervision of public places.Methods According to the relevant standards of the Examination Method for Public Places(GB/T 18204)and monitoring plans for health hazard factors in public places in Ma′anshan from 2016 to 2021,the health hazard factors in 165 public places of 8 types in Ma′anshan were monitored.Indoor air,public articles,and water environment samples were collected to detect indicators such as fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter 10,car-bon monoxide,carbon dioxide,formaldehyde,benzene,toluene,xylene,total bacterial count,pH,coliform bacteria,and Legionella pneumophila.Results A total of 165 public places and 39858 health hazard factors were monitored in Ma′anshan from 2016 to 2021,with an overall qualified rate of 91.90%(36305/39858).The qualified rate in hotels,bathing places,swimming places,shopping malls(supermarkets),and beauty shops showed significant differences across different years(P<0.05).The qualified rates of indoor air,public articles,and water environment samples were 77.51%,94.56%,and 74.36%,respectively.There were significant differ-ences in the qualified rates of the three types of samples in different places(P<0.05).The lowest qualified rate was determined in PM_(2.5)in gymnasiums(0.00%)among indoor air indicators.Among the monitoring indicators of public articles,the lower qualified rates were determined in the pH value of sheets in hotels(38.25%)and the total bacterial count on fitness equipment in gymnasiums(35.00%).The lowest qualified rate was determined in the residual chlorine in the bath water in bathing places(15.00%)among the monitoring indicators of water environment samples.Conclusion The overall hygienic condition of public places in Ma′anshan is rela-tively good from 2016 to 2021,but the overall qualified rate of monitored items has a downward trend.It is suggested that oper

关 键 词：公共场所 室内空气 公共用品用具 水环境 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]