黄花蝴蝶兰品种间杂交后代遗传性状分析  

Analysis of Hereditary Character in Progenies of Hybridized Yellow Phalaenopsis

作　　者：朱娇[1] 李心风 董飞[1] 马蕾[1] 张冀华 吕晓惠 ZHU Jiao;LI Xinfeng;DONG Fei;MA Lei;ZHANG Jihua;LYU Xiaohui(Institute of Leisure Agriculture,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of East China Urban Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shandong Engineering Research Center of Ecological Horticultural Plant Breeding,Jinan,Shandong 250100;College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Tai′an,Shandong 271018;Qilin Flower Limited Company of Jinan City,Jinan,Shandong 250100)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院休闲农业研究所,农业农村部华东都市农业重点实验室,生态园艺植物育种山东省工程研究中心,山东济南250100 [2]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [3]济南麒麟花卉有限公司,山东济南250100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第10期57-64,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程资助项目(CXGC2023A08,CXGC2022A12);山东省重点研发计划重大科技创新工程资助项目(2021LZGC019)。

摘　　要：以蜡质黄花蝴蝶兰品种‘纯黄’和纸质黄花蝴蝶兰品种‘黄金美人’为试材,通过配置正反交杂交组合并建立杂交分离群体,研究了黄花蝴蝶兰杂交后代观赏性状遗传分离规律,以期为培育黄色蝴蝶兰新品种及杂交亲本选配提供参考依据。结果表明:正交及反交杂种后代性状均出现分离现象,但主要介于双亲之间,正反交规律表现一致。在花部性状方面,正反交杂种后代花瓣底色并未出现超亲遗传,但正交杂种后代花部纹理出现了父母本之外的中空白纹案;花朵数主要介于或高于双亲,表现为中亲优势或超亲优势;花径表现为中亲优势或退化;花梗长绝大多数介于父母本之间表现为中亲优势;正反交杂交后代花瓣质感全部呈现蜡质,触感光滑,花瓣厚度均介于双亲之间。在植株性状方面,无论正交或反交杂种后代在株高、叶片数及叶片长等性状上均低于或介于双亲之间,而植株冠幅绝大多数低于双亲,表现为衰退趋势。总体表现为母本对杂交后代性状的影响要大于父本,且正交比反交后代更易出现超亲优良个体。The waxy yellow flower Phalaenopsis‘ChunHuang’and paper yellow flower Phalaenopsis‘Golden Beauty’were used as materials,hybrid segregation populations were established by positive and negative cross combinations,the genetic segregation pattern of ornamental traits of the hybrid progeny of the yellow-flowered Phalaenopsis were studied,in order to provide reference for the cultivation of new varieties of yellow Phalaenopsis and the selection of hybrid parents.The results showed that all traits segregated mainly between the parents in both positive and reciprocal hybrid progenies,and the rules of positive and reciprocal cross were consistent.In terms of flower traits,there was no super parent inheritance in the petal background color of the progeny of positive and negative crosses,but the flower texture of the progeny of orthogonal crosses had a middle and blank pattern outside the parent.The number of flowers was mainly between or higher than that of both parents,showed a mid parent advantage or a super parent advantage.The flower diameter was characterized by mid parent dominance or degeneration;the majority of pedicel length was between parents,showed a middle parent advantage.The texture of the petals of the progeny of positive and negative crosses was all waxy,with a smooth touch,and the thickness of the petals was between their parents.In terms of plant traits,both orthogonal and reciprocal hybrid offspring were lower or between their parents in plant height,leaf number,and leaf length,while the plant crown diameter was mostly lower than their parents,showed a declining trend.The overall performance was that the female parent had a greater impact on the traits of the hybrid offspring than the male parent,and the positive cross offspring were more likely to have superior individuals that were beyond their parents than the reverse cross offspring.

关 键 词：蝴蝶兰 杂交育种 杂交F1代 性状表现 性状分离 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]