新老苹果园土壤污染元素的调查与相关性分析  

Investigation and Correlation Analysis of Soil Pollution Elements inNew and Old Apple OrchardS

作　　者：姚志龙[1,2] 孟媛 张亮 王柏莉[1] YAO Zhilong;MENG Yuan;ZHANG Liang;WANG Baili(College of Agriculture and Forestry Technology,Longdong University,Qingyang,Gansu 745000;Gansu Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization for Biological Resources and Ecological Restoration,Qingyang,Gansu 745000;Environmental Engineering Technology Research Center,Longdong University,Qingyang,Gansu 745000)

机构地区：[1]陇东学院农林科技学院,甘肃庆阳745000 [2]甘肃省陇东生物资源保护利用与生态修复重点实验室,甘肃庆阳745000 [3]陇东学院环境工程技术研究中心,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第10期81-86,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项资助项目(QNKB2-2);甘肃省重点研发计划资助项目(20YF3NA019);国家自然科学基金青年资助项目(32001200);甘肃省青年科技基金计划资助项目(20JR10RA136);陇东学院博士基金资助项目。

摘　　要：以陇东新老苹果园不同树龄、年份、土层的土壤为试材,采用相关性分析法,研究Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn 8种污染元素对土壤基本理化性质、果园种植参数、叶片养分含量的影响,以期为实现绿色无污染健康果品提供参考依据。结果表明:1)供试果园8种重金属污染元素均有检出,除Hg元素外,其它重金属的含量均值均超出中国土壤元素A层背景值,其中Cd均值达到了背景值的1.86倍。但8种重金属含量均未超过土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险筛选值。2)除Cr元素外,其它元素含量均是0~20 cm土层高于20~40 cm。3)Cd含量与树龄之间表现为极显著正相关关系,1~7年和8~14年树龄果园的Cd含量显著性低于21~25年和26~30年。4)Hg元素含量受到土壤基本理化性质的影响最大,Cd、As、Cu与半数以上土壤基本理化性质具有显著相关性。5)土壤重金属含量对叶片N、P、Ca含量无显著性影响。Cd、Hg、As、Ni元素对叶片K含量有显著性正影响,而Pb元素对叶片K含量有显著负影响。Taking soil samples from new and old apple orchards in Longdong with different tree ages,years,and soil layers as test materials,the effects of eight pollution elements,Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Cr,Cu,Ni and Zn on the basic physical and chemical properties of soil,orchard planting parameters,and leaf nutrient content were studied by using correlation analysis method,in order to provide reference for achieving green,pollution-free,and healthy fruits.The results showed that,1)eight heavy metal pollution elements were detected in the tested orchard,and the average content of other heavy metals exceeded the background value of soil element A in China except Hg,and the average value of Cd was 1.86times of the background value.However,the contents of eight heavy metals did not exceed the screening value of soil environmental quality.2)Except for Cr,the content of other elements in 0-20cm soil layer was higher than that in 20-40cm soil layer.3)There was a significant positive correlation between Cd content and tree age.The Cd content of orchards aged 1-7years and 8-14years were significantly lower than that of 21-25years and 26-30years.More than half of Hg and Cd contents were significantly affected by soil physical and chemical properties.4)The content of Hg was most affected by the basic physical and chemical properties of soil.And Cd,As,and Cu were significantly correlated with more than half of the basic physical and chemical properties of soil.5)The content of heavy metals in soil had no significant effect on the contents of N,P and Ca in leaves;Cd,Hg,As and Ni had significant positive effects on K content,while Pb had significant negative effects on K content.

关 键 词：黄土高原 CD 树龄 相关性 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学] S158.3[农业科学—园艺学]