基于土壤水量平衡法的山区小流域地下侧向流时空特征分析  

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Subsurface Lateral Flow in Small Watersheds in Mountainous Areas Based on Soil Water Mass Balance

作　　者：落全富 杨宁 LUO Quanfu;YANG Ning(Hangzhou Reservoir Management Service Center,Hangzhou 311122,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市水库管理服务中心,浙江杭州311122

出　　处：《水力发电》2023年第7期16-23,29,共9页Water Power

摘　　要：利用研究区2007年~2009年9个不同坡位监测断面的高频土壤水分监测数据,结合降雨、蒸散发和土壤水分数据,提出一种基于土壤水量平衡关系的地下侧向流识别方法,并用于地下侧向流发生频率及其时空格局的系统分析,同时分析了影响地下侧向流时空特征的环境因素。结果表明,地下侧向流的形成受到降雨特征的影响,而在持续时间短或总降雨量大的降雨事件中,地下侧向流事件更易发生;一次小型降雨中,集水面积和坡度等地形因素引起了地下侧向流发生频率的空间异质性;在修正了不同监测断面土壤水分传感器数量的影响后,土壤水量平衡法与非连续土壤水分响应方法得出的地下侧向流频率结果具有很强的相关性(R 2=0.94)。By using the high-frequency soil moisture monitoring data of nine different slope monitoring sections in the study area from 2007 to 2009,and combined with rainfall,evapotranspiration and soil moisture data,a subsurface lateral flow identification method based on soil water mass balance method is proposed to analyze systematically the occurrence frequency and spatiotemporal characteristics of subsurface lateral flow.At the same time,the environmental factors affecting the spatiotemporal characteristics of subsurface lateral flow are analyzed.The results show that:(a)the formation of subsurface lateral flow is affected by rainfall characteristics,and the subsurface lateral flow events are more likely to occur in rainfall events with short duration or large total rainfall;(a)in a small rainfall,the topographic differences such as catchment area and slope will produce spatial heterogeneity of subsurface lateral flow;and(c)after correcting the influence of different numbers of soil moisture sensors,the occurrence frequency of subsurface lateral flow obtained by the soil water mass balance method the nonsequential soil moisture response method has a strong correlation(R 2=0.94).

关 键 词：地下侧向流 高频土壤水分监测 土壤水量平衡法 坡面水文 山区小流域 时空特征 

分 类 号：P33[天文地球—水文科学]