被低估的软权力——俄罗斯保守主义的世界影响及其检验  

The Underestimated Soft Power:The Influence of Russia’s Conservatism on The World and Its Examination

作　　者：孟维瞻 丁宇航 MENG Weizhan;DING Yuhang(Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海200433 [2]中国人民大学,北京100872

出　　处：《太平洋学报》2023年第6期28-42,共15页Pacific Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“美国欧亚大陆战略调整与共建‘一带一路’面临的地缘风险挑战研究”(20CGJ038)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：俄罗斯从21世纪的第二个十年开始逐渐回归理性保守主义,在国内秩序重建和参与世界治理方面提出了自己具有保守主义色彩的系统论述和主张。这不仅为塑造稳定和有凝聚力的俄罗斯社会发挥了积极作用,而且在国际秩序重建方面得到许多发展中国家和非西方政治力量的认同。同时,西方国家越来越多的下层民众、民族保守主义者、宗教保守主义者希望引入和借鉴俄罗斯道德体系中的某些理念来解决本国的政治极化、社会矛盾和经济不平等的问题。通过分析俄乌冲突爆发前后欧洲和世界其他国家民众对俄罗斯的政治态度,我们可以检验今天俄罗斯的真实国际地位和保守主义道德体系的软权力。无论俄乌冲突的结局如何,未来俄罗斯很可能会更加积极地运用自己的道德软权力塑造对自己有利的战略环境,应对来自西方的安全挑战。我们应该全面和谨慎地看待这种趋势对未来国际政治的影响。Russia has gradually returned to rational conservatism since the second decade of the 21st century,and has raised its own systematic arguments and opinions based on conservatism in the reconstruction of domestic order and participation in global governance.These arguments and propositions not only play an active role in shaping a stable and cohesive Russian society,but also have been recognized by many developing and nonwestern countries in the reconstruction of international order.The lowerclass people,national conservatives and religious conservatives in Western countries hope to introduce and learn from certain ideas in the Russian moral system to solve their own problems of political polarization,social contradictions and economic inequality.By analyzing the attitudes of people in Europe and other countries towards Russia before and after the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian crisis,we can understand the actual international status of Russia today and the soft power of pluralistic conservatism.No matter what the outcome of this crisis is,Russia is likely to use its moral soft power more actively to shape a favorable strategic environment and respond to security challenges from the West.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 软权力 保守主义 俄乌冲突 欧美国家 

分 类 号：D51[政治法律—政治学]