呼和浩特市2022-03-13/14强沙尘暴过程特例分析及预报方法研究  

Study on special case analysis and prediction method of strong dust storm process from March 13 to 14,2022 in Hohhot

作　　者：孙尚瑜 Sun Shangyu(Hohhot Meteorological Bureau,Hohhot 010000)

机构地区：[1]呼和浩特市气象局,呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《气象水文海洋仪器》2023年第2期64-67,共4页Meteorological,Hydrological and Marine Instruments

基　　金：内蒙古科技厅项目(20180508);环保公益性行业科研专项(201709008)资助。

摘　　要：文章使用常规气象观测资料和ECMCF数值预报产品,对发生在呼和浩特市2022-03-13/14强沙尘暴过程进行天气系统演变、物理量特征等分析。结果表明:1)200 hPa高空急流动量下传、500 hPa长波槽携带强冷空气东移,配合700和850 hPa辐合切变,且温度场、高度场反位相叠加、地面蒙古气旋强烈发展,是此次大风、沙尘暴天气爆发的主要影响系统和环流形势;2)呼和浩特市假相当位温线与地面近乎垂直,整层为中性温度层结,大气不稳定,有利于沙尘吹起,形成沙尘暴;3)前期气候晴热干燥少雨,加之春季地表植被稀少,内蒙古西部多沙漠,为沙尘暴爆发创造了环境条件。Using conventional meteorological observation data and ECMCF numerical forecast products,this paper analyzes the weather system evolution and physical quantity characteristics of the strong sandstorm process that occurred in Hohhot from March 13 to 14,2022.The results show that:1)the main influence system and circulation situation cause the outbreak of this windy,sandstorm weather including 200 hPa upper-level jet momentum moving downward,500 hPa long-wave trough carrying strong cold air for eastward shift,matching the 700 hPa,850 hPa convergence shear,inverse phase superposition of temperature field and height field and intense development of Mongolia cyclone on ground.2)The pseudo equivalent potential temperature line in Hohhot is kept nearly vertical to ground.The whole layer belongs to neutral temperature stratification and the atmosphere is unstable,conducive to the blowing of sands and dusts and formation of sandstorm.3)The climate in the early period is sunny,hot,dry and rainless.Besides,the surface vegetation is sparse in spring and the western part of Inner Mongolia is dominated by deserts,all of which could create environmental conditions for the outburst of sandstorm.

关 键 词：强沙尘暴 天气系统演变 物理量特征 

分 类 号：P458.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]