羟基化氮化硼与磷酸二氢铵在致密化木材中的阻燃作用  

Flame-retardant function of hydroxylated boron nitride and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate on densified wood

作　　者：徐志胜[1] 赵雯筠 颜龙[1] 唐欣雨 冯钰微 XU Zhisheng;ZHAO Wenjun;YAN Long;TANG Xinyu;FENG Yuwei(Institute of Disaster Prevention Science and Safety Technology,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学防灾科学与安全技术研究所,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2023年第6期151-157,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52276143);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2021SK2054)。

摘　　要：为降低木材火灾危险性,以氮化硼和磷酸二氢铵为阻燃剂,利用阻燃浸渍与致密工艺制备阻燃致密化木材,探究阻燃致密化技术对木材阻燃性能、隔热性能和成炭行为的影响。研究结果表明:经磷酸二氢铵和羟基化氮化硼处理的阻燃致密化木材(HBN-ADW试样)阻燃性能有效提升;与原木相比,HBN-ADW试样极限氧指数增至35.5%,峰值热释放速率、总释放热、受热1200 s时背温分别降低59.4%,48.4%,40.1%;阻燃致密化技术可赋予木材更高热稳定性,在降低质量损失速率同时提高残炭量;阻燃致密化木材在受热时产生富含C=C芳香结构炭层,HBN-ADW试样炭层中还含大量P-O-P、P-O-C和B-O-P交联结构,均能有效增强木材阻燃性、隔热性和热稳定性。研究结果对木材阻燃处理和生产应用具有重要参考意义。To reduce the wood fire hazard,the densified flame-retardant wood was prepared using the flame retardant impregnation and densification processes with boron nitride and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as flame retardants.The influence of densified flame-retardant technology on the flame retardancy,heat insulation and char formation behavior of wood was investigated.The results show that the flame retardancy of densified flame-retardant wood treated with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and hydroxylated boron nitride,named HBN-ADW sample,is effectively improved.Compared with natural wood,the limiting oxygen index of HBN-ADW sample increases to 35.5%,the peak heat release rate,total heat release and backside temperature after heating at 1200 s reduce by 59.4%,48.4%and 40.1%,respectively.The densified flame-retardant technology can enhance the thermal stability and increase the char residue of wood,while reducing the mass loss rate.The densified flame-retardant wood produces char layers rich in C=C aromatic structure when heating,while there are plenty of P-O-P,P-O-C and B-O-P cross-linked structures in char layer of HBN-ADW sample,all of which can greatly enhance the flame retardancy,heat insulation and thermal stability of wood.The results have great reference significance for wood flame-retardant treatment and production application.

关 键 词：阻燃木材 浸渍 压缩致密 阻燃性能 成炭行为 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]