冷链运输用十二水磷酸氢二钠水合盐过冷特性的研究  

Study on Supercooling Characteristics of Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate Dodecahydrate Hydrate Salt for Cold Chain Transportation

作　　者：赵举[1] 汪翔 李方玉 许敬能 朱洪亮[1] Zhao Ju;Wang Xiang;Li Fangyu;Xu Jingneng;Zhu Hongliang(Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research,Shanghai,200072)

机构地区：[1]上海市质量监督检验技术研究院,上海200072

出　　处：《制冷与空调（四川）》2023年第3期349-354,共6页Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

基　　金：上海市市场监督管理局2022年度科技项目——冷链用冷藏车运行性能验证及安全管理规范的研究(2022-61)。

摘　　要：从均匀成核和非均匀成核出发,采用步冷曲线实验法研究冷链运输用十二水磷酸氢二钠水合盐相变蓄热材料的过冷特性。相变次数越多,液面高度越小,冷却速率越大,越容易促发均匀成核,使纯水合盐的过冷度减小。与十二水磷酸氢二钠同属于单斜晶系且晶格参数差异相近的十水四硼酸钠、十水硫酸钠、三水合乙酸钠、十水焦磷酸钠(差异率:15%左右),对促进非均匀成核的效果不佳;而正交晶系的九水硅酸钠晶格参数差异较大(差异率:37%),抑制过冷现象效果最佳,过冷度降低至2℃以内,且质量分数为3%~4%是最合适的成核剂添加比例。The supercooling characteristics of the phase change heat storage materials of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate hydrate salt had beed studied with the methods of the step cooling curves,according to the uniform nucleation and non-uniform nucleation mechanism.The more the number of phase transitions,the smaller the height of the liquid level and the greater the cooling rate,the easier it is to promote uniform nucleation and reduce the degree of supercooling of the pure hydrate salt.Sodium tetraborate decahydrate,sodium sulfate decahydrate,sodium acetate trihydrate,sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate,which belong to the same monoclinic crystal system and have similar lattice parameter differences(ratio:about 15%)with disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate is poorly effective in promoting non-uniform nucleation.However,The lattice parameters of orthorhombic sodium silicate nonahydrate are quite different(ratio:37%),and the effect of suppressing the phenomenon of supercooling is the best.The degree of supercooling is reduced to within 2℃,and the mass fraction of 3%~4%is the most suitable nucleating agent addition ratio.

关 键 词：过冷 相变材料 水合盐 十二水磷酸氢二钠 相变蓄热技术 冷链运输 

分 类 号：TK02[动力工程及工程热物理]