冬小麦籽粒主要品质性状的全基因组关联分析  

Genome-Wide Association Study of Grain Main Quality Related Traits in Winter Wheat

作　　者：董一帆 任毅[1] 程宇坤 王睿 张志辉 时晓磊 耿洪伟[1] DONG YiFan;REN Yi;CHENG YuKun;WANG Rui;ZHANG ZhiHui;SHI XiaoLei;GENG HongWei(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Special High Quality Triticeae Crops Engineering and Technology Research Center,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Xinjiang Wheat Industry System Innovation Team,Urumqi 830052;Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院/新疆农业大学优质专用麦类作物工程技术研究中心/新疆小麦产业体系创新团队,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2023年第11期2047-2063,共17页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2021A02001-1);新疆农业大学作物学重点学科发展基金(XNCDKY2021018)。

摘　　要：【目的】小麦籽粒品质是影响小麦加工品质和营养价值的重要因素。挖掘与小麦籽粒品质性状显著关联的位点及候选基因,为拓宽对小麦品质性状遗传机理的理解和分子标记辅助优质小麦育种提供依据。【方法】通过对来自国内外259份冬小麦品种(系)的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、淀粉含量、沉降值和籽粒硬度等5个品质性状进行测定,并结合90K SNP芯片进行全基因组关联分析,将定位到的显著性关联位点进行单倍型分析。【结果】5个性状均符合正态分布且在不同环境间均表现出丰富的变异,沉降值的变异系数最大(20.11%—24.42%)。各性状在基因型、环境、基因型×环境间均呈现出极显著差异(P<0.001),广义遗传力为0.77—0.84。通过全基因组关联分析,共检测到44个与5个性状显著关联(P<0.001)的位点,分布在除1D和3D染色体外的其他19个连锁群。在2个及以上的环境中均稳定存在的位点18个,涉及蛋白质含量(12个)、湿面筋含量(9个)、淀粉含量(11个)、沉降值(12个)和籽粒硬度(7个)等5个性状,能解释遗传变异的4.27%—10.98%。其中13个为多效应位点,与蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值和淀粉含量等性状相关联的多效应位点最多(7个)。位于2B、2D和3A染色体的GENE-0762_631、IAAV7742和RAC875_c66845_466位点同时在2个环境和BLUP值下被检测到,表型贡献率的范围为4.32%—7.07%。通过对多环境下存在且表型贡献率高的多效应位点进行单倍型分析,在5D染色体的D_GDS7LZN02F4FP5_176位点发掘到与蛋白质含量、沉降值和淀粉含量等性状显著相关的Hap1、Hap2、Hap3和Hap4等4个不同单倍型,其中,Hap1是高淀粉含量单倍型(P<0.001),而Hap2和Hap3均为高蛋白质含量和沉降值的单倍型(P<0.05),4个单倍型分别占74.22%、16.21%、6.92%和2.65%。对不同来源冬小麦的单倍型分布频率进行分析,其中,高蛋白质含量和沉降值单倍型Hap2的【Objective】The quality of wheat grain was an important factor affecting the processing quality and nutritional.Mining loci and candidate genes significantly associated with wheat grain quality traits provided a basis for broadening the understanding of the genetic mechanism of quality traits and molecular marker-assisted quality.【Method】By measuring five quality traits,including protein content(GPC),wet gluten content(WGC),starch content(GSC),settling value(SV)and grain hardness(GH),in 259 winter wheat varieties(lines)from domestic and abroad,and conducting genome-wide association analysis in combination with 90K SNP chip,the significant association loci located were subjected to haplotype analysis.【Result】All five traits conformed to normal distribution and showed rich variation among different environments,and the coefficient of variation of sedimentation value was the largest(20.11%-24.42%).All traits have shown highly significant differences(P<0.001)among genotype,environment,and genotype×environment,with a broad-sense heritability of 0.77-0.84.A total of 44 loci significantly associated(P<0.001)with five traits were detected by genome-wide association analysis,distributed in 19 linkage groups other than chromosomes 1D and 3D.Eighteen loci were stable in two or more environments,involving all five traits including protein content(12),wet gluten content(9),starch content(11),sedimentation value(12)and grain hardness(7),explaining 4.27%-10.98%of the genetic variation.Thirteen of them were multi-effect loci,with the largest number of multi-effect loci(7)associated with traits such as protein content,wet gluten content,settling value and starch content.The GENE-0762_631,IAAV7742 and RAC875_c66845_466 loci located on 2B,2D and 3A chromosomes were detected simultaneously at two environmental and BLUP values with a range of 4.32%-7.07%phenotypic contribution.Through haplotype analysis of multi-effect loci present in multiple environments with high phenotypic contribution,four different haplotypes,Hap1,H

关 键 词：冬小麦 品质 SNP标记 GWAS 单倍型 候选基因 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]