基于16K SNP芯片的小麦株高QTL鉴定及其遗传分析  

QTL Identification and Genetic Analysis of Plant Height in Wheat Based on 16K SNP Array

作　　者：姚琦馥 陈黄鑫 周界光 马瑞莹 邓亮 谭陈芯雨 宋靖涵 吕季娟[5] 马建[2] YAO QiFu;CHEN HuangXin;ZHOU JieGuang;MA RuiYing;DENG Liang;TAN ChenXinYu;SONG JingHan;LÜJiJuan;MA Jian(College of Agroforestry Engineering and Planning,Tongren University/Guizhou Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region,Tongren 554300,Guizhou;Triticeae Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130;College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130;Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089;Sichuan Provincial Seed Station,Chengdu 610041)

机构地区：[1]铜仁学院农林工程与规划学院/贵州省梵净山地区生物多样性保护与利用重点实验室,贵州铜仁554300 [2]四川农业大学小麦研究所,成都611130 [3]四川农业大学农学院,成都611130 [4]北京外国语大学,北京100089 [5]四川省种子站,成都610041

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2023年第12期2237-2248,共12页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：贵州省科技计划基础研究项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般131)。

摘　　要：【目的】株高与产量之间关系密切。进一步挖掘具有育种利用价值的小麦株高数量性状位点(quantitative trait loci,QTL),并解析株高QTL对产量相关性状的遗传效应,为分子育种提供理论依据。【方法】以田间自然变异株msf为母本、小麦品种川农16为父本杂交衍生的F6代重组自交系群体(MC群体)为试验材料,于2020—2022年在四川省温江区、崇州市和雅安市试验基地进行2年5个生态环境点的种植和株高表型鉴定。使用16K SNP芯片所构建的高质量、高密度遗传连锁图谱定位株高性状。同时,利用株高主效QTL侧翼标记的基因型分析其正效应位点对于产量相关性状的遗传效应,评估主效QTL对产量提升的潜力。【结果】定位结果显示,分别在1A、3D、4D、5A和7B染色体共鉴定到8个控制株高的QTL。其中,定位到2个稳定的主效QTL:QPh.sau-MC-1A和QPh.sau-MC-5A,分别解释9.09%—25.56%和3.91%—13.09%的表型变异率,其正效应位点均来源于川农16。加性效应分析发现同时携带QPh.sau-MC-1A和QPh.sau-MC-5A正效应位点株系的株高显著高于仅携带单一正效应位点或没有携带任何正效应位点的株系。相关性分析发现,株高与有效分蘖数之间存在极显著的正相关性,与旗叶宽之间存在显著的负相关性,而与每穗粒数、每穗粒重、千粒重、旗叶长和开花期之间无显著相关性。遗传效应分析发现,QPh.sau-MC-1A正效应位点极显著增加有效分蘖数(56.51%),显著减少每穗粒数(-11.26%)、每穗粒重(-13.04%)、千粒重(-5.47%)和旗叶宽(-2.85%),促进开花期提前(-0.61%)。QPh.sau-MC-5A正效应位点显著增加有效分蘖数(10.57%)、每穗粒重(4.32%)和千粒重(2.92%),延迟开花期(1.07%)。【结论】在5A染色体定位到1个株高主效QTL—QPh.sau-MC-5A,其正效应位点显著提高有效分蘖数、每穗粒重及千粒重,对产量提高可能有积极效应。【Objective】There is a close relationship between plant height(PH)and yield.The aim of this study is to further explore quantitative trait loci(QTL)of PH with breeding value in wheat and analyze the genetic effects of major QTL for PH on other yield related traits toward to providing a theoretical basis for molecular breeding.【Method】A recombinant inbred line population(MC)derived from a cross between the natural mutant msf and Chuannong 16(CN16)was used for QTL analysis.During 2020 to 2022,planting and PH phenotype identification were conducted at five environments in Wenjiang,Chongzhou,and Ya’an of Sichuan Province.The high-quality genetic linkage map constructed using the 16K SNP array was used for QTL mapping of PH.Genotypes of flanking markers of major QTL for PH were used to analyze the genetic effects of positive alleles on yield related traits and evaluate the potentiality of QTL for yield improvement.【Result】Eight QTL controlling PH were identified on chromosomes 1A,3D,4D,5A,and 7B,respectively.Among them,two stable and major QTL,QPh.sau-MC-1A and QPh.sau-MC-5A,were located,which explained 9.09%to 25.56%and 3.91%to 13.09%of the phenotypic variation rate,respectively.Their positive alleles were all from CN16.The additive effect analysis showed that PH of the lines carrying positive alleles from QPh.sau-MC-1A and QPh.sau-MC-5A was significantly higher than that of the lines carrying only a single positive allele or none.Correlation analysis showed that PH has a significantly positive correlation with effective tiller number(ETN),a significantly negative correlation with flag leaf width(FLW),and no significant correlation with kernel number per spike(KNPS),kernel weight per spike(KWPS),thousand kernel weight(TKW),flag leaf length(FLL)and anthesis date(AD).Genetic effects analysis showed that positive allele of QPh.sau-MC-1A had a significant effect on improving ETN(56.51%),a significant effect on decreasing KNPS(-11.26%),KWPS(-13.04%),TKW(-5.47%),and FLW(-2.85%),and a significant effect on adva

关 键 词：小麦 16K SNP芯片 QTL 株高 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]