华南亚热带武夷山地区垂直植被带表土孢粉散布规律  

The Distribution of Surface Pollen in the Vertical Vegetation Zone of the Wuyi Mountains in Subtropical Southern China

作　　者：龙香月 黄康有 陈聪 谢德豪 水坤春 李宏卫 郑卓 Long Xiangyue;Huang Kangyou;Chen Cong;Xie Dehao;Shui Kunchun;Li Hongwei;Zheng Zhuo(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Southern Ocean Science and Engineering,Zhuhai 519082,China;Nanling National Nature Reserve,Guangdong Province,Shaoguan 512727,China;Guangdong Institute of Geological Survey,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地球科学与工程学院//广东省地球动力作用与地质灾害重点实验室,广东珠海519082 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室,广东珠海519082 [3]广东南岭国家级自然保护区,广东韶关512727 [4]广东省地质调查院,广州510080

出　　处：《热带地理》2023年第6期1005-1020,共16页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42077414);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)创新团队建设项目(311021002);第四纪冰期旋回对南岭生物多样性影响调查研究项目(2021GJGY001)。

摘　　要：华南亚热带武夷山地区具有丰富的生物多样性,保存最为完整的亚热带森林生态系统,植被和土壤具有明显的垂直分布。文章基于武夷山地区不同海拔人为干扰较少的76个表土孢粉数据,进行聚类分析和冗余分析(Redundancy Analysis,RDA),探讨武夷山不同海拔表土孢粉组合特征及其与现代植被之间的关系,并进一步分析主要孢粉种类的空间散布规律及气候影响因子。结果表明:(1)武夷山脉表土孢粉组合整体上能较好地反映研究区对应的现代植被群系及其垂直分布特点,优势的孢粉种类包括松属、柯属-栲属、常绿栎属、杉科、木荷属、芸香科、冬青属、蔷薇科、禾本科和蒿属等,具有明显的亚热带孢粉组合特征,并且自低海拔至高海拔的孢粉组合表现出明显的变化规律:低海拔地区(0~450 m)孢粉组合以栲属-柯属、常绿栎属、山茶科、木荷属、冬青属、禾本科和芒萁为主;中海拔地区(450~1850 m)常见栲属-柯属、松属、杉科、铁杉属和常绿栎属;高海拔(1850~2200 m)山顶的优势孢粉种类为松属、禾本科和芒萁等。(2)RDA和聚类分析能较好地将表土孢粉样品划分至各自群落,年均温(MAT)、年均相对湿度(MAH)、年均降雨量(MAP)、最冷月降水(Mpco)和最热月降水(Mpwa)是影响武夷山地区现代花粉分布特征的重要气候因子。(3)花粉代表性分析显示,栲属-柯属、松属、常绿栎属和蒿属均具有超代表性,代表性较低的属种主要有铁杉属和禾本科。(4)武夷山山麓地区植被受人类活动强烈影响,花粉种类较少,孢粉组合以具有相对较高含量的松属、禾本科和芒箕等种类为主要特征。上述结果揭示华南亚热带武夷山地区表土孢粉在垂直植被带上具有显著差异,孢粉散布规律主要受研究区植被组成、生境、人类活动等因素的影响。The Wuyi Mountains preserve the most complete central subtropical forest ecosystem in the subtropical zone,where the vegetation and soil have a distinct vertical distribution with elevation.To investigate the relationships between surface pollen assemblages and vegetation in this area,76 samples of modern surface pollen with minimal human interference were collected from various elevations in the Wuyi Mountains.Based on the results of cluster analysis and redundancy analysis(RDA),this study indicates the connections between the distribution of pollen taxa at different elevations and under different climatic factors.The primary findings are outlined as follows:(1)Pinus,Castanopsis/Lithocarpus,Cyclobalanopsi,Quercus(evergreen),Taxodiaceae,Schima,Rutaceae,Ilex,Rosaceae,Poaceae,and Artemisia were the dominant pollen taxa,generally corresponding to the modern subtropical broadleaved evergreen forest.The pollen assemblages showed clear changes with variation in altitude;the relationships between pollen taxa and elevation were divided into three patterns:The low altitude areas(0-450 m)had a high percentage of Castanopsis/Lithocarpus,Quercus(evergreen),Theaceae,Schima,Ilex,Poaceae,and Dicranopranis.In the middle elevation area(450-1,850 m),Castanopsis/Lithocarpus,Pinus,Taxodiaceae,Tsuga,and Quercus(evergreen)were common.The higher altitude area,at approximately 1,850-2,200 m,was characterized by the dominance of Pinus,Poaceae,and Dicranopteris.(2)The results of RDA and cluster analysis divided surface pollen samples into different communities.RDA results also showed that the mean annual temperature,mean annual relative humidity,mean annual precipitation,mean precipitation of the coldest season,and mean precipitation of the warmest season were the main climatic factors that controlled the distribution of modern pollen.(3)The results of the representative analysis of pollen showed that Castanopsis/Lithocarpus,Pinus,Quercus(evergreen),and Artemisia were over-represented,and the genera Tsuga and Poaceae were represented less

关 键 词：表土孢粉 冗余分析(RDA) 气候因子 武夷山 亚热带地区 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]