闽江下游史前聚落遗址域特征及LUCC和人口规模重建  

Site Catchment Characteristics of Prehistoric Sites and Reconstruction of LUCC and Population in the Lower Minjiang River

作　　者：邱俊杰 任永青 靳建辉[1,2,3] 刘海杰 卫俊杰 Qiu Junjie;Ren Yongqing;Jin Jianhui;Liu Haijie;Wei Junjie(School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education,Fuzhou 350007,China;Center for Environmental Archaeology in Southeast China,Fujian Normal University,Pingtan 350400,China;School of History and Culture,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007 [2]湿润亚热带生态-地理过程教育部重点实验室,福州350007 [3]福建师范大学东南环境考古中心,福建平潭350400 [4]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,西安710119

出　　处：《热带地理》2023年第6期1037-1048,共12页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41301012);福建省自然科学基金(2020J01185);福建师范大学创新团队项目(IRTL1705)。

摘　　要：闽江下游流域处于陆-海-气三者相互作用的场所,是对环境演变响应的敏感地带,是东南沿海考古研究的热点区域。探明古人类活动范围,土地利用格局的演化,对理解和把握人地关系发展具有重要意义。通过测算GIS成本距离,生成各遗址点的不同成本面,结合遗址域理论和方法,综合分析闽江下游流域新石器—青铜时期人类的活动范围及土地利用格局,重建区域各时期的潜在人口规模。研究表明:新石器时期壳丘头文化至青铜时期黄土仑文化,闽江下游流域聚落遗址的遗址域面积,可获取土地面积及实际利用土地面积不断增多。随着文化发展进程的递进,区内史前人类对涉足地域内的土地利用强度呈现先增强后减弱的趋势,不同遗址间古人类的交流频率与之相反,表现出先降低后升高,这与生产力的发展和进步有关。重建结果显示,区内人口规模不断扩大,其中较大增幅出现在昙石山下层-昙石山和黄瓜山-黄土仑转换期,推断人口压力与文化演替有一定关系。The lower reaches of the Minjiang River are located in an area of land-sea-air interaction.It is not only a sensitive area concerning environmental evolution,but also a hotspot for archaeological research on the southeast coast of China.Exploring the scope of ancient human activities and the evolution of land-use patterns is of great significance for understanding the development of human-land relations.By generating various cost surfaces of sites through GIS cost distance analysis and combining with the site catchment theory and method,we comprehensively analyzed the human activity range and land-use pattern in every cultural period from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River and reconstructed the potential population in each period of the region.The results show that:(1)the area of site catchment,available and actually developed land increased from the Keqiutou to Huangtulun culture period in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River.Chronologically,the area of the site catchment continues to grow from 212 km2 to 4,858 km2,the accessible land area increased from 261 km2 to 7,599 km2,and the land area that was actually used by ancient humans continuously increased from 173 km2 to 3,914 km2.(2)With the development process of culture,the landuse intensity of prehistoric humans in the region first increased and then decreased by 81.58%,92.95%,87.99%,79.33%and 80.57%,respectively,and the degree of land development was reduced,which may be related to the development and progress of productive forces.The frequency of ancient human exchanges can be represented by the ratio of the number of sites in the overlapping site catchment to the total number of sites in the same period(87.50%,60.00%,66.67%,92.54%,and 97.81%,respectively).(3)The reconstruction results showed that the potential population in the area continued to expand,with substantial population growth in the lower Tanshishan-Tanshishan and Huangguashan-Huangtulun transitional periods.It was inferred that there was a relationshi

关 键 词：遗址域 LUCC 史前人口 环境考古 闽江下游 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K901[历史地理—历史学]