整排夹茎式穴盘苗取投苗系统设计与试验  

Design and experiment of seedling taking and throwing device with stem clipping for vegetable plug seedling

作　　者：张小亮 谢守勇[1] 苑晓亮 邓成志 刘凡一 王鹏[1] Zhang Xiaoliang;Xie Shouyong;Yuan Xiaoliang;Deng Chengzhi;Liu Fanyi;Wang Peng(School of Engineering and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agriculture Equipment for Hilly and Mountainous Regions,Chongqing,400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学工程技术学院,重庆市400715 [2]丘陵山区农业装备重庆市重点实验室,重庆市400715

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2023年第6期42-47,共6页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项(cstc2021jscx—gksb0016);中华人民共和国工业和信息化部2021年适应丘陵山区农业作业的通用动力装备及高效作业机具攻关项目(TC210H02V)。

摘　　要：针对现有穴盘苗取投苗系统结构复杂、对根系损伤大的问题,综合夹茎式和整排取苗的特点,设计一种整排夹茎式取投苗系统。该系统通过移盘机构实现穴盘苗的进给,采用往复机构和夹苗机构实现取苗、投苗作业,使用柔性链输苗机构实现分苗和送苗作业。对取苗过程进行静力学分析,同时对投苗过程进行运动学分析,确定取投苗机构结构参数。以取苗成功率、投苗成功率和茎叶损伤率为试验指标进行取投苗试验。试验表明:在番茄钵苗苗龄为45 d、基质含水率为63.47%、取投苗频率为90株/min时,平均取苗成功率为96.1%,平均投苗成功率为94.3%,平均伤苗率为3.9%。研究结果可为全自动化取投苗装置研究提供参考。In order to address the problems of complex structure and significant root damage in the existing tray seedling picking and transplanting systems,a whole-row stem-clamping system is designed in this study by integrating the characteristics of stem-clamping and whole-row seedling picking.The system consists of a seedling plate conveying mechanism,a seedling delivery agency,a seedling taking and throwing mechanism,and a power control system.The structural parameters of seedling taking and throwing mechanism were determined by static analysis of the seedling taking process and kinematic analysis of the seedling throwing process.A test was carried out on 45-day-old tomato seedlings with a substrate moisture content of 63.47%,using the success rate of picking and dropping and the rate of stem and leaf damage as test indicators.The test showed that the seedling picking and transplanting device was reliable and stable,with a success rate of 96.1%for seedling picking,94.3%for seedling transplanting,and a seedling injury rate of 3.9%when the picking and transplanting frequency was 90 plants/min.These results met the requirements of the automatic transplanter for vegetable cavity trays.The results of the study can be used as a reference for designing and optimizing the operating parameters of the automatic transplanter for vegetable cavity trays.

关 键 词：移栽机 取投苗系统 夹苗机构 运动分析 取投苗成功率 

分 类 号：S223.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程]