梨木虱在不同品种梨树上的产卵趋性与发生动态  

Oviposition Tendency and Occurrence Dynamics of Psylla chinensis on Different Pear Varieties

作　　者：张腾悦 杨小凡 路子云[2] 马爱红[2] 刘文旭[2] 冉红凡[2] 李建成[2] ZHANG Teng-yue;YANG Xiao-fan;LU Zi-yun;MA Ai-hong;LIU Wen-xu;RAN Hong-fan;LI Jian-cheng(College of Forestry,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071000,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Engineering Research Center of Integrated Control of Agricultural Pests of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of Integrated Control of Crop Pests in Northern North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所/河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心/农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,河北保定071000

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2023年第3期47-50,99,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202010003);河北省重点研发计划项目(20326511D);河北省农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-ZBS-9);河北省现代农业产业技术体系项目(HBCT2018100206)。

摘　　要：梨木虱(Psylla Chinensis Yang et Li)是为害梨树的主要害虫之一,在不同品种果园造成的为害程度明显不同。为了明确梨木虱在不同品种梨上的为害程度与发生规律,在河北省赵县梨园选择7个品种,定树定枝系统调查了不同品种梨树上梨木虱的产卵趋性以及若虫和成虫的发生数量动态,初步评价了不同品梨树对梨木虱的抗性差异。结果表明:(1)梨木虱越冬代成虫在雪花梨上产卵最多,其次是鸭梨、秋月、黄冠和库尔勒香梨,在津香蜜和袖珍香上产卵极少。从枝条部位产卵量来看,枝条基部卵量最多,其次是花芽、叶芽、嫩叶,花柄处最少。(2)鸭梨和秋月受若虫为害较重,袖珍香和津香蜜几乎不受若虫为害。(3)在鸭梨和秋月梨上成虫发生数量较多,在袖珍香和津香蜜上成虫量极少。梨木虱对不同品种梨树的为害程度不同,其中鸭梨和雪花梨受害较重,西洋梨品系基本不受为害。研究结果为进一步明确梨木虱抗性机理、在生产上选择种植抗虫梨树品种提供了依据。Psylla chinensis is one of the main pests of pear trees,and the damage degree varies significantly among different pear varieties.In order to clarify the damage degree and occurrence law of P.chinensis on different pear varieties,7 varieties were selected in the pear orchard of Zhao County,Hebei Province.The oviposition tendency of P.chinensis on different pear varieties,and the dynamic number of nymphs and adults were investigated using the fixed trees and branches system.The resistance differences of different pear varieties to P.chinensis were preliminarily evaluated.The results showed that:(1)The overwintering adults of P.chinensis laid the most eggs on Xuehua pear,followed by Ya pear,Qiuyue,Huangguan,and Korla pear,with very few eggs laid on Jinxiangmi and Xiuzhenxiang.From the perspective of the number of eggs laid on the branches,the base of the branches had the highest number of eggs,followed by flower buds,leaf buds,and tender leaves,with the lowest number of eggs laid on the flower stalks.(2)Ya pear and Qiuyue were heavily affected by nymphs,while Xiuzhenxiang and Jinxiangmi were almost unaffected by nymphs.(3)The number of adults was relatively high on Ya pear and Qiuyue,while that was very low on Xiuzhenxiang and Jinxiangmi.The damage degree caused by P.chinensis to different pear varieties varied,with Ya pear and Xuehua pear being more severely affected,while western pear varieties were not affected.The research results provide a basis for further clarifying the resistance mechanism of P.chinensis and selecting insect resistant pear varieties in production.

关 键 词：梨木虱 梨树 抗性 发生规律 

分 类 号：S436.612.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]