新型氢同位素分离材料研究进展  

Development of New Materials for Hydrogen Isotopes Separation

作　　者：邓潇君[1] 熊仁金[1] 闫霞艳[1] 罗文华[2] DENG Xiaojun;XIONG Renjin;YAN Xiayan;LUO Wenhua(Institute of Materials,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621907,Sichuan,China;Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory,Mianyang 621908,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院材料研究所,四川绵阳621907 [2]表面物理与化学重点实验室,四川绵阳621908

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第13期1-8,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0301500);表面物理与化学重点实验室开放基金(XKFZ202004);中国工程物理研究院创新发展基金(CX20200019,CX2019018)。

摘　　要：高效、大规模的氢同位素分离技术是实现氘氚聚变能源利用的关键前提之一,而方法、技术的发展主要取决于关键材料(即分离材料)的发展。本文简要综述了氢同位素分离材料的发展现状,介绍了传统的用于氢同位素分离的钯或含钯材料的应用情况、存在的主要问题以及后续可能的改进方向;重点介绍了二维膜、有机金属骨架和具有孔开关效应的分子筛这三类近年发展起来的新型分离材料,给出了它们用于氢同位素分离的原理、分离效果、存在的问题以及后续的研究、发展方向。Tritium/hydrogen isotopes separation with high efficiency and huge scale is one of the crucial technologies for the realization of deuterium-tritium fusion energy application,and the development of separation methods is highly dependent on the separation materials.This paper provides a state-of-the-art review of hydrogen isotopes separation materials.It contains a brief introduction of advantages,disadvantages and applications of the traditional palladium and Pd-containing materials,and then a detailed summary on three kinds of newly developed materials,i.e.,two-dimensional membranes,metal-organic framework(MOF)and zeolites with trapdoor effects,focusing on their separation mechanisms,separation demonstrations,and also some existent problems.Finally,based on that summary,the paper gives suggestions about the directions for future researches and improvements of each type of separation material and potential separation material.

关 键 词：氢同位素 分离 二维膜 MOF 孔开关效应 

分 类 号：O643.14[理学—物理化学] TL992[理学—化学]