老年期痴呆流行病学调查的国际经验及对中国痴呆监测的启示  

International experience of epidemiological surveys of senile dementia and its implications for dementia surveillance in China

作　　者：郭帅 王一然[1,2] 郑晓瑛 Guo Shuai;Wang Yiran;Zheng Xiaoying(Institute of Population Research,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Peking University-Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Health Science Academy,Beijing 100871,China;School of Population Medicine and Public Health,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100073,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学人口研究所,北京100871 [2]北京大学亚太经合组织健康科学研究院,北京100871 [3]中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院,北京100073

出　　处：《疾病监测》2023年第5期599-608,共10页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(No.21ZDA107);国家科技重大专项(No.SQ2022YFC3600291)。

摘　　要：目的通过系统性地梳理了国内外高质量的老年期痴呆流行病学调查和相关的卫生服务登记数据,以期对我国痴呆监测和研究的发展提供一些思路和建议。方法检索1990—2020年发表的老年期痴呆流行病学相关文献,最终纳入20项流行病学调查以及5个卫生服务登记数据。对调查的基本信息、执行情况和研究结果进行介绍和比较。结果我国的老年期痴呆横断面调查样本量大、全国代表性好,但近期出现的应答率下降和实施时间延长需引起重视。纵向调查在我国起步较晚,实施经验尚不丰富,且在数据开发与发布方面存在不足。未来我国痴呆监测的发展中,国际老年痴呆纵向调查中监测功能的扩展,流行病学调查与人口信息/卫生服务登记信息的结合,前沿分析技术的应用是关注的重点。此外,慢性病监测系统是我国痴呆监测系统建设的重要资源和基础。结论我国在痴呆监测领域已经有一些基础,并且政府部门和研究者正在进行积极的尝试。在借鉴国际经验的同时,我国应同时加强数据的整合和共享,以及多学科合作研究网络的构建。Objective To systematically analyse the data of high-quality epidemiological surveys on senile dementia conducted both at home and abroad and related healthcare registries,so as to provide some ideas and suggestions for the future development of dementia surveillance and research in China.Methods The literatures on epidemiological studies about dementia published between 1990 and 2020 were retrieved.Finally,20 epidemiological surveys and 5 healthcare registries were included.The basic information,performance and main results of the surveys were analyzed and compared.Results Crosssectional surveys on dementia in China characterized by large sample size and good national representativeness.However,attention should be paid to the recent decline in response rate and prolonged survey time.Longitudinal surveys of dementia started late in China,so its performance,including data development and publishing,needs to be improved.In the future development of dementia surveillance,close attention should be paid to the expansion of surveillance function,integrations of survey data with demographic/health services registries and advanced analysis techniques in international longitudinal surveys.Meanwhile,the chronic disease surveillance system is a vital resource and foundation for developing the dementia surveillance system in China.Conclusion Dementia surveillance has made some progress in China,and governmental departments and researchers are making positive attempts.While learning from international experience,we should simultaneously strengthen the data integration and sharing and construct a multidisciplinary research collaboration network.

关 键 词：老年期痴呆 疾病监测 流行病学调查 国际经验 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R195.4