中国人权的四类话语及其相互关系  

The Four Categories of Chinese Discourse on Human Rights and Their Interrelationships

作　　者：常健[1,2] Chang Jian

机构地区：[1]南开大学人权研究中心(国家人权教育与培训基地) [2]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院

出　　处：《人权》2023年第3期18-33,共16页Human Rights

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届六中全会精神国家社科基金重大项目“中国人权实践弘扬和丰富全人类共同价值研究”(项目批准号:22ZDA127)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在中国,论述人权的主要话语可以分为四类,即政治话语、政策话语、制度话语、学术话语。这四类话语在言说语境、言说内容、言说方式、话语特点、话语功能等方面呈现出明显的差异,彼此之间不能简单等同和套用。同时,四类人权话语之间又相互依赖、相互制约和相互促进,并在一定条件下可以相互转换。需要防止人权话语间发展失衡、语境错配、话语隔绝和转译失当,促进话语间均衡发展,各守其界、相互参照、精准转译,构建契合的人权话语间关系。探索适当的话语间转译方式是中国人权话语研究的一项值得深入探讨的重要课题,它对于构建中国人权话语体系有着重要的现实意义和学术价值。In China,the main discourse on human rights can be classified into four cate⁃gories:Political discourse,policy discourse,institutional discourse,and academic discourse.These four categories show significant differences in terms of the context,content,mode of expression,characteristics,and functions of the discourse.They cannot be simply equated or interchangeable with one another.However,they also rely on,restrict,and promote each oth⁃er,and under certain conditions,they can be transformed into one another.It is needed to pre⁃vent imbalances,mismatches in context,isolation,and inadequate translation among human rights discourses.Meanwhile,it is essential to promote balanced development among different discourses,where each discourse maintains its own boundaries,refers to one another,and un⁃dergoes accurate translation,in order to construct their healthy interrelationships.Exploring ap⁃propriate methods of translation between discourses is an important and worthwhile topic for re⁃search in Chinese human rights discourse.It holds significant practical significance and academic value in constructing the Chinese human rights discourse system.

关 键 词：人权政治话语 人权政策话语 人权制度话语 人权学术话语 话语间性 

分 类 号：D621.5[政治法律—政治学]