结构和工况参数对电主轴动静压轴承性能的影响  

Influence of structure and working condition parameters on performance of motorized spindle’s hybrid bearings

作　　者：贾谦 林铿 杨帅 杨建晨 王建磊[4] 胡文文 JIA Qian;LIN Keng;YANG Shuai;YANG Jianchen;WANG Jianlei;HU Wenwen(Department of mechanical engineering,City College of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710018,China;Institute of mechanical system control and robot application,City College of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710018,China;Shanghai Marine Equipment Research Institute,China Shipbuilding Industry Group Company Limited,Shanghai 200031,China;School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学城市学院机械工程系,西安710018 [2]西安交通大学城市学院机械系统控制与机器人应用研究所,西安710018 [3]中国船舶重工集团有限公司上海船舶设备研究所,上海200031 [4]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,西安710048

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2023年第5期1270-1280,共11页Journal of Aerospace Power

基　　金：科技部创新方法工作专项(2019IMO10200);西安交通大学城市学院校级项目(2020Y12)。

摘　　要：针对精密铣磨床的电主轴的使用需求,分析了动静压轴承的基本结构和使用工况,建立了动静压轴承静动特性参数的计算模型,静特性参数包括温升、流量、承载力和功耗,动特性参数为刚度。计算分析了结构参数半径间隙、节流孔径、宽径比和工况参数供油压力和工作转速对动静压轴承静动特性参数的影响,并将计算结果与层流模型结果和试验结果进行了对比。研究表明:半径间隙是一个较为敏感的变量,对温升的影响较大,使温升降低了约77.6%,和节流孔径、宽径比相比半径间隙对动静压轴承性能的影响程度最大;转速对动静压轴承的静动特性均有较为明显的影响,特别是对温升和功耗的影响幅度较大,分别增长了初值的17.8倍和18.1倍,电主轴在高速工况下需有较好的降温措施。In view of the demand for the use of the motorized spindle of the precision grinder,the basic structure and operating conditions of hydrodynamic bearing were analyzed,and the calculation model of the static and dynamic characteristics of the hybrid bearing was established.The static characteristics included temperature rise,flow rate,load bearing force and power consumption,the dynamic characteristic parameter included a stiffness.The influences of structural parameters,radius clearance,throttle aperture,width-to-diameter ratio,working condition parameters oil supply pressure and rotate speed on the static and dynamic characteristics of hydrodynamic bearing were calculated and analyzed,then the calculated results were compared with the results of the laminar flow model and the test results.Research showed that:radius clearance was a more sensitive variable,which had a significant impact on temperature rise,reducing it by about 77.6%.Compared with throttle aperture and width-to-diameter ratio,radius clearance had the greatest impact on the performance of hydrodynamic bearing;rotating speed had a greater impact on the static and dynamic characteristics of hydrodynamic bearing.Obviously,the impact on temperature rise and power consumption was relatively large,increasing by 17.8 times and 18.1 times of the initial value respectively;the motorized spindle required for better cooling measures under high-speed working conditions.

关 键 词：精密磨床 电主轴 动静压轴承 静特性 动特性 

分 类 号：V229.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TH133.31[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]