叶顶间隙和减振阻尼台对多级轴流压气机性能影响的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of effect of tip clearance and vibration damper on performance of multi-stage axial flow compressor

作　　者：陈燕[1,2] 滕鑫[1] 楚武利 CHEN Yan;TENG Xin;CHU Wuli(School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Thermal Science in Aero-engine System,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,西安710072 [2]西北工业大学陕西省航空动力系统热科学重点实验室,西安710072

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2023年第3期665-673,共9页Journal of Aerospace Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52076179)。

摘　　要：以某多级轴流压气机为研究对象,采用数值模拟的方法研究了叶顶间隙和减振阻尼台对压气机气动性能的影响。研究揭示了叶顶间隙变化对叶顶泄漏流动的影响规律,分析了各级转子叶顶间隙变化对多级轴流压气机性能影响的相对大小。研究发现针对所研究的多级轴流压气机,第5级转子叶顶间隙的变化对压气机性能的影响幅度最大,当叶顶间隙从0.390 mm增加到1.007 mm时,级效率下降了1.72%;而其他级的效率下降幅度较少,最大降幅不超过0.6%。此外,研究了第1级及第5级转子叶片阻尼台对多级压气机性能影响,分析了阻尼台对流场结构及流通能力的影响,揭示了阻尼台影响性能的机理。研究结果表明,当存在阻尼台时,多级轴流压气机的峰值效率、峰值压比以及堵塞质量流量都会下降,其中峰值效率下降了1.6%,峰值压比下降了1.2%,堵塞质量流量下降了1.2%;尤其是第1级和第5级效率明显下降,第1级级效率下降约5.2%,第5级级效率下降约1.6%。在阻尼台存在的地方总压损失大,密流值会降低,流通能力会下降。A multi-stage axial flow compressor was studied by numerical simulation to determine the effect of tip clearance and damper table on its aerodynamic performance.The influence principle of tip clearance change on tip leakage flow was revealed,and the relative magnitude of the influence of rotor tip clearance change on the performance of multi-stage axial compressor was analyzed.It was found that for the studied multi-stage axial flow compressors,the change of the tip clearance of the fifth stage rotor had the largest impact on the compressor performance.Stage efficiency decreased by 1.72%when the tip clearance increased from 0.390 mm to 1.007 mm.There was a maximum reduction of 0.6%in other stages.Furthermore,the first-stage and fifth-stage rotor blade damper tables were investigated for their effects on compressor performance.The influence of the damper table on the flow field structure and flow capacity was analyzed,and the mechanism of the damper table affecting the performance was revealed.The results showed that when there was the damping table,the peak efficiency,peak pressure ratio and choke flow rate of multi-stage axial flow compressor decreased;as the peak efficiency decreased by 1.6%,the peak pressure ratio decreased by 1.2%,and the choke flow decreased by 1.2%.Especially,the efficiency of the first and fifth staged decreased obviously,the efficiency of the first stage decreased by about 5.2%,and that of the fifth stage decreased by about 1.6%.As a result of the damping table,the pressure loss was caused,the density flow and flow capacity decreased.

关 键 词：多级轴流压气机 叶顶间隙 减振阻尼台 气动性能 流场结构 

分 类 号：V231.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]