土壤重金属污染多种评价方法对比研究——以南京市龙潭沿江地区为例  

Contrastive studies of various soil heavy metal pollution methods:a case study in riverside area in Longtan,Nanjing

作　　者：费利东 张婷 王艳芬 邓辉 FEI Lidong;ZHANG Ting;WANG Yanfen;DENG Hui(Geological Bureau of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210007,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省地质局,南京210007

出　　处：《有色金属（矿山部分）》2023年第4期142-149,160,共9页NONFERROUS METALS(Mining Section）

基　　金：江苏省地勘基金项目(苏财建[2018]96号)。

摘　　要：近年来,土壤重金属污染问题日益突出,关于重金属污染评价方法众多。为比较各种方法的优缺点,选取单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法、地累积指数法、污染负荷指数法和潜在生态风险指数法,对南京市龙潭沿江地区表层土壤样品的Hg、Pb、Cd、As、Zn、Cu、Cr和Ni元素指标进行评价,不同评价方法得出了类似但又有所区别的结果。内梅罗综合污染指数法结合单因子污染评价能够全面反映重金属对土壤的危害程度,地累积指数法侧重评价各采样点某重金属元素的污染,污染负荷指数法侧重评价某一区块的综合污染程度,潜在风险指数法则侧重考虑生态效应等方面的影响。后三种方法更合适评价人类活动对重金属的污染情况。在实际评价中,应注意选择合适的评价方法。The soil environment is increasingly bringing itself to people′s attention in recent years.There are many methods for evaluating heavy metal pollution,such as the Single factor index,Nemerow comprehensive pollution index,Geoaccumulation index,Pollution load index,and Potential Ecological Risk index.Each method has its advantages and disadvantages.In the paper,we selected eight common element indicators in surface soil for evaluating heavy metal pollution by using these five different evaluation methods.Different methods have produced similar but different results.By adopting both the Single factor index method and Nemerow multi-factor index method,the pollution indices were calculated to assess pollution extent comprehensively.The latter methods are more suitable to evaluate the pollution of heavy metals by human activities:The Geoaccumulation index method focuses on evaluating the pollution of a heavy metal element at each sampling point;the Pollution load index method focuses on evaluating the comprehensive pollution degree of a certain block;and the Potential Ecological Risk Index method focuses on the ecological effects.As a consequence,we should pay attention to the selection of appropriate evaluation methods in the actual evaluation.

关 键 词：土壤重金属污染 单因子污染指数法 内梅罗综合污染指数 地累积指数 污染负荷指数 潜在生态风险指数 

分 类 号：TD167[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]