基于路面不平整度的车辆动荷载影响分析  

Influence analysis of vehicles dynamic load based on road roughness

作　　者：谢浩 谢军[1] 汤旭 罗子扬 XIE Hao;XIE Jun;TANG Xu;LUO Ziyang(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Changsha university of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《交通科学与工程》2023年第3期26-37,共12页Journal of Transport Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51978083)。

摘　　要：为探讨在路面不平整度激励条件下对多轴重载车辆产生动荷载的影响,该研究从路表纵断面的波形状态入手,采用带有平衡悬架结构的三轴和四轴重载车辆模型,建立车辆振动模型的运动微分方程,采用动荷载均方根和动荷系数来分析不同路面工况和行驶工况对车辆动荷载的影响。研究结果表明:当车速在某范围内时,车辆系统的固有振动频率会接近路面不平整度的激励频率,导致动荷载达到最大。动荷系数一般在空载时最大,满载时次之,超载时最小,并应考虑车辆静荷载和动荷载的联合作用对路面结构的影响。车辆越重,其振动频率与路面不平整度激振频率越接近,产生共振的速度越小。对于这两种车型,其产生动荷载的最不利路面波长分别为9 m和12 m。该研究成果可为动载作用下路面结构响应研究提供参考。To study the impact of road roughness incentive condition on dynamic load of multi-axle heavy vehicle,this paper starts from the waveform state of the longitudinal section of the pavement surface.Dynamic differential equations of vehicle vibration model are established by using three-axis and four-axis heavy load vehicle models with balanced suspension structure.The effect of different pavement conditions and driving conditions on the dynamic load of the vehicle was analyzed using dynamic load indexes.The findings reveal that within a specific speed range,the inherent vibration frequency of the vehicle system approaches the excitation frequency caused by road roughness,resulting in the maximum dynamic load.The dynamic load factor is generally the largest at no load,the second largest at full load,and the smallest at overload.However,the combined effect of static and dynamic vehicle loads on the pavement structure should be considered.The heavier the vehicle,the lower the speed at which the vibration frequency and the incentive frequency of the road surface roughness are close to the resonance.For the two vehicle models,the most unfavorable pavement wavelengths for generating dynamic loads are 9 m and 12 m respectively.These research findings provide valuable insights for studying the response of pavement structures under dynamic loading conditions.

关 键 词：车辆振动模型 动荷载均方根 动载系数 车速 车重 路面波长 

分 类 号：U41[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]