取向多孔Fe_(3)O_(4)/C复合纳米纤维膜制备与储锂性能研究  

Preparation and lithium storage performance of oriented porous Fe_(3)O_(4)/C composite nanofiber membrane

作　　者：陈超群 马闻骏 李智 马昌[1,2] 刘海辉[1,2] Chen Chaoqun;Ma Wenjun;Li Zhi;Ma Chang;Liu Haihui(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;Tianjin Municipal Key Lab of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage Tecnology,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津工业大学天津市先进纤维与储能技术重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《合成技术及应用》2023年第2期1-6,共6页Synthetic Technology & Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52072383);中科院炭材料重点实验室开放基金(No.KLCMKFJJ2011);天津市自然科学基金(No.16JCQNJC06300)。

摘　　要：Fe_(3)O_(4)/C复合材料是一类有潜力的锂离子电池负极材料,但是其较低的电导率和显著的体积效应导致循环稳定性不够理想。采用静电纺丝技术,以乙酰丙酮铁和聚丙烯腈(PAN)为前驱体制备Fe_(3)O_(4)/C复合纳米纤维自支撑电极,通过在纺丝液中添加聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)引入孔隙缓解体积效应,通过高速收丝技术形成取向纤维膜以提高自支撑电极导电性。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、拉曼光谱仪、热重分析仪(TG)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、比表面积测试仪(BET)和电池测试系统,对所制备的电极材料的形貌结构和电化学性能进行表征。研究表明:PMMA的引入显著增加了中孔和大孔数量,高速收丝下纤维排列更加有序。孔隙的增加显著提高了Fe_(3)O_(4)/C复合纳米纤维膜的比容、倍率性能和循环稳定性。所得的取向多孔Fe_(3)O_(4)/C复合纳米纤维膜具有710 mAh/g的高可逆容量,在1.0 A/g电流密度下经过500次循环后依然具有427 mAh/g可逆容量,容量保持率高达92.1%,表现出优异的循环稳定性。Fe_(3)O_(4)/C composite is a promising class of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries,but its low conductivity and significant bulk effect lead to less-than-ideal cycling stability.Therefore,Fe_(3)O_(4)/C composite nanofiber-based self-supported electrode was prepared by electrospinning technique using iron acetylacetonate and polyacrylonitrile(PAN)as precursors.Polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)was added to the spinning solution to introduce pores to alleviate the bulk effect,and the oriented fiber membrane was formed by high speed winding technique to improve the conductivity of the self-supported electrode.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),Raman spectrometer(Raman),thermogravimetric analyzer(TG),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),specific surface area tester(BET)and battery test system were used to characterize the morphological structure and electrochemical properties of the prepared electrode materials.It was shown that the introduction of PMMA significantly increased the number of mesopores and macropores,and the fiber arrangement was more orderly under high speed winding.The increase of pores significantly improved the specific capacity,multiplicative performance and cycling stability of the Fe_(3)O_(4)/C composite nanofiber membrane.The resulting oriented porous Fe_(3)O_(4)/C composite nanofiber membranes exhibited a high reversible capacity of 710 mAh/g and a reversible capacity of 427 mAh/g after 500 cycles at a current density of 1.0 A/g,with a capacity retention rate of 92.1%,showing an excellent cycling stability.

关 键 词：静电纺丝 取向纤维 孔隙 四氧化三铁 锂离子电池 

分 类 号：TQ342[化学工程—化纤工业]