北京市基层警察社会支持与心理健康状况调查  

Investigation on status of social support and mental health of grass-roots police in Beijing

作　　者：刘洋[1] 牟亚秦 赵荣佳 刘华清[1] 范瑞君 徐仁 LIU Yang;MU Ya-qin;ZHAO Rong-jia;LIU Hua-qing;FAN Rui-jun;XU Ren(Huilongguan School of Clinical Medicine of Peking University,Clinical Psychology Department of Beijing Huilongguan Hospital,Beijing,100096,China;Beijing Police College,Beijing,102202,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学回龙观临床医学院,北京回龙观医院临床心理科,北京100096 [2]北京警察学院,北京102202

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第11期1455-1459,1463,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：北京市医院管理中心“登峰”计划专项经费资助(DFL20192001)。

摘　　要：目的 了解北京市各区基层警察社会支持与心理健康现状,分析两者间的关系及应对方式的调节效应。方法 以北京市16个区的派出所、刑警支队、交通队的基层警察为对象进行整群抽样,于2021年2—9月通过问卷调查,收集391份有效问卷,比较该人群心理状态与中国正常成人常模的差异及不同性别、工作年限和警种间心理健康状态的差异,分析并探讨社会支持与应对方式对心理健康的影响。结果 北京市基层警察躯体化得分为(1.66±0.61)分,强迫症状得分为(1.83±0.57)分,抑郁得分为(1.71±0.62)分,焦虑得分为(1.59±0.56)分,敌对性得分为(1.69±0.70)分,恐怖得分为(1.35±0.50)分,偏执得分为(1.65±0.64)分,精神病性得分为(1.48±0.57)分,各因子得分均高于全国常模(均P<0.01)。不同性别、工作年限、警种的基层警察症状自评量表(self-reporting inventory,SCL-90)、社会支持及应对方式得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);北京市基层警察SCL-90总分及各因子得分与积极应对得分均呈显著负相关(r=-0.196~-0.043,均P<0.05),与消极应对得分均呈显著正相关(r=0.195~0.272,均P<0.05)。北京市基层警察客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度和社会支持总量表与SCL-90总分及各因子得分均呈显著负相关(r=-0.419~-0.147,均P<0.05);积极应对在社会支持与SCL-90得分间存在正向调节作用(β=0.140,P<0.01)。结论 采取积极应对方式有利于增强北京市基层警察社会支持和心理健康水平。Objective To undrstand the status of social support and mental health of grass-roots police in various districts of Beijing,explore the correlation between them and the moderating effect of coping style.Methods A cluster sampling was conducted among the grassroots policemen of police stations,criminal police detachment and traffic team in 16 districts of Beijing.391 valid questionnaires were collected through a questionnaire survey from February to September 2021 to compare the differences between the psychological state of grass-roots police and the national norm,as well as the differences between different gender,working years and type of police.The effects of social support and coping styles on mental health were analyzed and discussed.Results The factor scores of somatization[(1.66+0.61)points],obsessive-compulsive symptoms[(1.83+0.57)points],depression[(1.71±0.62)points],anxiety[(1.59±0.56)poinys],hostility[(1.69±0.70)points],terror[(1.35±0.50)points],paranoia[(1.65+0.64)poinys]and psychosis[(1.48+0.57)points]of grassroots police in Beijing were significantly higher than the national norms(all P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in the scores of self-reporting inventory(SCL-90),social support and coping style among grass-roots police of different gender,working years and type of police(all P<0.01).The total score and each factor score of SCL-90 in grassroots police in Beijing were significantly negatively correlated with the score of positive coping(r=-0.196-0.043,all P<0.05),and positively correlated with the score of negative coping(r=0.195-0.272,all P<0.05).The objective support,subjective support,support availability and total social support scale of grassroots police in Beijing were significantly negatively correlated with the total score and each factor score of SCL-90(r=-0.419-0.147,all P<0.05).The positive coping had a positive moderating effect between social support and SCL-90 score(β-0.140,P<0.01).Conclusion Adopting positive coping style is conducive to enhancing the soc

关 键 词：基层警察 社会支持 心理健康 应对方式 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]