钛合金熔炼用Y_(2)O_(3)–Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO–CaO系耐火材料的设计与制备  

Design and Preparation of Y_(2)O_(3)–Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO–CaO Refractories for Titanium Alloy Smelting

作　　者：刘坤 马北越 周萍 昝文宇 余超[2] 邓承继[2] 王周福[2] LIU Kun;MA Beiyue;ZHOU Ping;ZAN Wenyu;YU Chao;DENG Chengji;WANG Zhoufu(School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学冶金学院,沈阳110819 [2]武汉科技大学,省部共建耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室,武汉430081

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2023年第3期628-634,共7页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点项目资助(U21A2057)。

摘　　要：坩埚耐火材料对钛合金熔炼的质量非常重要,为开发高性能新型坩埚材料,以工业Y_(2)O_(3)和Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO–CaO系粉末(AMC)为原料,制备出Y_(2)O_(3)–Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO–CaO系复合耐火材料,研究了烧结温度(1500℃、1600℃)和AMC含量(0、25%、50%、75%和100%,质量分数)对所制备耐火材料的物相组成、烧结性能(线收缩率、体积收缩率、显气孔率、体积密度)、常温耐压强度、抗热震性能和显微结构的影响。结果表明:相对于Y_(2)O_(3)和AMC材料,复合材料的性能均有所提高;提高烧结温度,其性能更佳;且随着AMC含量的提高,复合材料的线收缩率、体积收缩率、体积密度和常温耐压强度随之增大,显气孔率降低;当AMC的质量含量为75%时,1500℃烧结3 h制得复合材料的综合性能最优,其显气孔率为4.37%,常温耐压强度为274.99 MPa,3次水冷热震后残余强度为161.60 MPa,残余强度保持率为58.78%。Crucible refractories are very important for the quality of titanium alloy smelting.In order to develop novel crucible material with high performance,in this work,Y_(2)O_(3)–Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO–CaO composite refractories were prepared with commercial yttrium oxide and Al_(2)O_(3)–MgO–CaO powders(AMC)as raw materials,and the effects of sintering temperature(i.e.,1500℃,1600℃)and AMC contents(i.e.,0,25%,50%,75%and 100%,in mass fraction)on the phase compositions,sintering properties(i.e.,linear shrinkage,volumetric shrinkage,apparent porosity,and bulk density),compressive strength at room temperature,thermal shock resistance and microstructures of as–prepared refractories were investigated.The results show that the most properties of the composites are improved,compared with Y_(2)O_(3)and AMC.The performance becomes better as the sintering temperature increases.Moreover,the linear shrinkage,volumetric shrinkage,bulk density and compressive strength at room temperature of the composites increase with the increase of AMC contents.At the AMC content of 75%,the composite sintered at 1500℃for 3 h has the optimum comprehensive performance(i.e.,the apparent porosity of 4.37%,the compressive strength at room temperature of 274.99 MPa,the residual strength after three water-cooling and thermal shocks of 161.60 MPa,and the residual strength ratio of 58.78%).

关 键 词：复合耐火材料 氧化钇 钙镁铝酸盐 烧结温度 原料配比 

分 类 号：TQ175[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]