不同密度三疣梭子蟹混养中国明对虾、青蛤对生长、经济效益及水质的影响  

Effects of Polyculture of Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Cyclina sinensis with Different Densities of Portunus trituberculatus on Growth,Economic Benefits and Water Quality

作　　者：葛红星 郭洛宇[1] 申欣 李健 董志国[1] GE Hongxing;GUO Luoyu;SHEN Xin;LI Jian;DONG Zhiguo(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China;Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学江苏省海洋生物资源与环境重点实验室,江苏连云港222005 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《江苏海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期1-6,共6页Journal of Jiangsu Ocean University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项(2020YFD0900203-02);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-49);江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(22)2032)。

摘　　要：为优化虾蟹贝养殖模式,研究了不同密度三疣梭子蟹(A组15000只/hm^(2),B组22500只/hm^(2),C组30000只/hm^(2))分别混养中国明对虾(60000尾/hm^(2))和青蛤(240000只/hm^(2))对生长性能、经济效益及水质的影响。210 d的饲养结果表明:随着养殖密度的增大,各处理组雄蟹平均体质量分别为238.46,218.50和181.62 g,雌蟹平均体质量分别为247.29,220.18和184.78 g,均随养殖密度的增加而减小,且存在显著差异(P<0.05);各处理组三疣梭子蟹成活率和产量均随养殖密度增大而减小;各处理组中国明对虾和青蛤养成规格、成活率、产量之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。经济效益方面,B组净利润((144.93±3.43)×10^(3)元/hm^(2))显著大于A组((106.68±7.27)×10^(3)元/hm^(2))和C处理组((80.81±21.58)×10^(3)元/hm^(2))(P<0.05)。B组回报率最高((97.00±3.09)%),显著高于A组((74.71±5.02)%),A组显著高于C组((51.78±13.89)%)(P<0.05)。各处理组氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、pH和溶解氧含量均无显著差异,符合正常养殖水平。综合考虑养殖经济效益和三疣梭子蟹生长性能,三疣梭子蟹-中国明对虾-青蛤混养池塘中三疣梭子蟹放养密度以22500只/hm^(2)为最佳。In order to optimize the culture mode of shrimp,crab and shellfish,the effects of different densities of Portunus trituverrucatus(group A 15000 ind/hm^(2),group B 22500 ind/hm^(2),group C 30000 ind/hm^(2))on growth performance,economic benefits and water quality of polyculture of Fenneropenaeus chinensis(60000 ind/hm^(2))and Cyclina sinensis(240000 ind/hm^(2))were investigated.The 210 d feeding trial showed that:with the increase of crab density,the average body mass of male crabs in each treatment group was 238.46,218.50 and 181.62 g,and the average body mass of female crabs was 247.29,220.18 and 184.78 g,respectively.The average body mass decreased with the increase of culture density,and there was significant difference(P<0.05).The survival rate and yield of P.tritunculus in each treatment group decreased with the increases of crab density.There was no significant difference in the cultivation specification,survival rate and yield of F.chinensis and C.sinensis among the treatment groups(P>0.05).The net profit of group B((144.93±3.43)×10^(3) yuan/hm^(2))was higher than that of group A((106.68±7.27)×10^(3) yuan/hm^(2))and group C((80.81±21.58)×10^(3) yuan/hm^(2))(P<0.05).The rate of return in group B((97.00±3.09)%)was significantly higher than that in group A((74.71±5.02)%),and that in group A was significantly higher than that in group C((51.78±13.89)%)(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in water quality such as ammonia nitrogen,nitrite nitrogen,pH and dissolved oxygen content among the three groups.According to the growth performance of the crab and the economic benefits,the best stocking density of P.trituorhynchus in the mixed culture pond was 22500 ind/hm^(2).

关 键 词：三疣梭子蟹 密度 混养 生长 经济效益 水质 

分 类 号：S9[农业科学—水产科学]