大麦种质资源芽期耐渍性遗传多样性分析及耐渍种质筛选  

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Screening of Waterlogging Tolerance of Barley Germplasm Resources at Germination Stage

作　　者：刘瑞 曾源 加央 许甫超[1] 徐晴[1] 彭严春 董国清[2] 董静[1] 秦丹丹[1] LIU Rui;ZENG Yuan;JIA Yang;XU Fuchao;XU Qing;PENG Yanchun;DONG Guoqing;DONG Jing;QIN Dandan(Institute of Food Crops,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement,Wuhan 430064,China;Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,China;Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/粮食作物种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430064 [2]武汉轻工大学,湖北武汉430023 [3]西南大学,重庆400715

出　　处：《大麦与谷类科学》2023年第3期1-10,共10页Barley and Cereal Sciences

基　　金：国家大麦青稞产业技术体系(CARS-05);湖北省农业科技创新项目(2016-620-000-001-009)。

摘　　要：土壤渍害是影响农业生产的主要问题之一,渍害胁迫会使土壤中的含氧量下降,引起植物根部缺氧,影响体内代谢过程,抑制植物生长并最终导致减产。作为旱地植物,大麦对渍害极其敏感,鉴定耐渍大麦种质并培育耐湿品种,是防止和减轻湿害胁迫对大麦生长、产量及品质影响的最经济有效的方法。以来自国内外的363份大麦种质资源为材料,在芽期进行淹水处理,测定其芽长、根长、芽鲜质量、根鲜质量和植株总鲜质量5个指标。结果表明,处理组与对照组间各性状差异均存在高度统计学意义(P<0.01),5个指标的耐渍系数间均存在极显著相关关系。根据隶属函数分析,筛选到芽期耐渍型大麦种质43份,中间型221份,敏感型99份。其中41824、华2114、G033T025U等43份材料耐渍能力较强,可作为大麦耐渍育种的优异种质资源。芽长、根长、芽鲜质量、根鲜质量和植株总鲜质量可作为大麦芽期耐渍性评价指标。Waterlogging is one of the main abiotic stress factors affecting agricultural production.The soil oxygen content will decrease under the stress of waterlogging,which will cause plant root hypoxia directly,and then affect the metabolism process in the plant,thus hinder the growth and lead to reduced production finally.As one of the terrestrial plants,barley is also sensitive to waterlogging stress.Therefore,identification and application of germplasms with high waterlogging resistance is the most effective way to minimize the damage caused by waterlogging.In this study,363 worldwide barley germplasms were used as materials.Five traits including shoot length,root length,shoot fresh weight,root fresh weight and total fresh weight of plant were determined after waterlogging at germination stage.The results showed that there were significant differences in all traits between the treatment group and the control group,and significant correlations were also detected among the waterlogging resistance coefficients of the five indexes.According to the membership function analysis,43 samples of waterlogging-tolerant type,221 samples of intermediate type and 99 samples of sensitive type,were identified respectively.The 43 waterlogging-tolerant materials,including 41824,Hua 2114,G033T025U and so on,could be used as excellent germplasm resources for barley waterlogging resistance improvement.Moreover,shoot length,root length,shoot fresh weight,root fresh weight and total fresh weight of plant could be used as indexes to evaluate waterlogging tolerance at barley germination stage.

关 键 词：大麦 种质资源 芽期 耐渍性 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学]