基于盲数与成熟度模型的地铁车站火灾防控韧性能力评估  

Evaluation of Fire Prevention and Control Resilience Capability of Subway Station Based on Blind Number and Maturity Model

作　　者：朱雪欣 单法家 张彦洁 ZHU Xuexin;SHAN Fajia;ZHANG Yanjie(School of Management Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China;University Research Center for Smart City Construction and Management of Shandong Province,Qingdao 266520,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学管理工程学院,山东青岛266520 [2]山东省高校智慧城市建设管理研究中心,山东青岛266520

出　　处：《安徽建筑大学学报》2023年第3期58-64,共7页Journal of Anhui Jianzhu University

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2021QG046);青岛市社会科学规划研究项目(QDSKL2201186)。

摘　　要：为提高地铁车站火灾防控水平,从系统发展全过程角度提出了基于盲数与成熟度模型的地铁车站火灾防控韧性能力评估方法。首先基于韧性理论构建了地铁车站火灾防控韧性能力评估框架;其次从系统发展视角考虑火灾事前、事中、事后全过程,结合地铁车站韧性特征,找出影响地铁车站火灾防控韧性的因素,并通过文献梳理结合标准规范建立地铁车站火灾防控韧性能力评估指标体系;然后对地铁车站火灾安全韧性进行能力成熟度等级划分,引入盲数削弱评估指标的多类非确定性,构建地铁车站火灾防控韧性能力盲数与成熟度评估模型;最后将模型应用于青岛地铁台东站进行实例分析,结果表明,该车站火灾防控韧性能力处于综合级,其中灭火与疏散能力水平较低,针对自动喷水灭火系统及疏散路线情况等方面提出了改进措施。A method for evaluating and improving the resilience capability of fire prevention and control in subway stations based on the blind number and maturity model is proposed considering the whole system development process.Firstly,an evaluation framework is constructed based on resilience theory.Secondly,the factors affecting the resilience are identified from the perspective of system development,considering the whole process of fire as well as the resilience characteristics of subway stations,and an index system for resilience capacity evaluation is established through literature review.Thirdly,the capability maturity of fire safety resilience of subway stations is classified,and the blind number is used to handle the uncertainty of the evaluation index,hence the maturity evaluation model is constructed.Finally,the model was applied to Qingdao Metro Taidong Station,and the results showed that its resilience capacity is at the comprehensive level,in which the fire fighting and evacuation capacities are poor,hence measures for the automatic sprinkler system and the evacuation route are proposed.

关 键 词：火灾防控 地铁车站 盲数 成熟度 韧性能力评估 

分 类 号：U231.96[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]